Zhang Jiawei, McWhorter Andrea R, Khan Samiullah, Willson Nicky-Lee, Chousalkar Kapil K
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, 5371, Australia.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Jul 2;21(1):416. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04847-0.
Egg production and performance in commercial layer flocks can be impacted by gastrointestinal health. Probiotics are considered potential alternatives to antibiotics in poultry, and have been proven to have positive impacts on gut health. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterise Lactobacillus strains isolated from high production layer flocks for probiotic properties.
Eleven different Lactobacillus (L.) species were isolated from faecal samples collected from layer hens in late lay. Species included L. agilis, L. crispatus, L. gallinarum, L. ingluviei, L. johnsonii, L. kitasatonis, L. mucosae, L. oris, L. reuteri, L. saerimneri and L. salivarius. Enterococcus cecorum and Enterococcus faecium as well as Streptococcus alactolyticus were also isolated. Phenotypic properties of the eleven Lactobacillus species were then evaluated to assess their probiotic potential. Bacterial culturability at low pH, under high concentrations of bile salt and sodium chloride, as well as in simulated gastric juice were characterised for each species. Auto- and co-aggregation capacity, adhesion to the intestinal epithelium as well as inhibition of Salmonella Typhimurium were also evaluated. All the Lactobacillus spp. exhibited high culturability in sodium chloride at different temperatures, and exhibited strong adhesion to chicken epithelial cells. L. reuteri, L. salivarius, L. saerimneri, and L. mucosae displayed higher culturability in low pH conditions, and L. johnsonii displayed higher culturability in high concentration of bile salt. Only L. crispatus was culturable in simulated gastric juice after 24 h incubation. L. kitasatonis exhibited strong auto-aggregation and co-aggregation with wild-type Salmonella Typhimurium. All Lactobacillus species exhibited strong inhibition activity against Salmonella Typhimurium.
The Lactobacillus species isolated in this study exhibited probiotic properties. Further in vivo experiments are required to evaluate their capacity to colonise and persist in the host as well as evaluate their potential effects on the gut microbiota and overall health parameters of layer hens.
商品蛋鸡群的产蛋性能和生产性能会受到胃肠道健康状况的影响。益生菌被认为是家禽抗生素的潜在替代品，并且已被证明对肠道健康有积极影响。本研究的目的是从高产蛋鸡群中分离并鉴定具有益生菌特性的乳酸杆菌菌株。
从产蛋后期蛋鸡的粪便样本中分离出11种不同的乳酸杆菌。这些种类包括敏捷乳酸杆菌、卷曲乳酸杆菌、鸡乳酸杆菌、嗉囊乳酸杆菌、约氏乳酸杆菌、北里乳酸杆菌、黏膜乳酸杆菌、口腔乳酸杆菌、罗伊氏乳酸杆菌、塞里蒙乳酸杆菌和唾液乳酸杆菌。还分离出盲肠肠球菌、粪肠球菌以及不解乳链球菌。然后评估这11种乳酸杆菌的表型特性，以评估它们的益生菌潜力。对每种菌株在低pH值、高浓度胆汁盐和氯化钠条件下以及在模拟胃液中的细菌可培养性进行了表征。还评估了自聚集和共聚集能力、对肠上皮的黏附以及对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抑制作用。所有乳酸杆菌在不同温度下的氯化钠中均表现出高可培养性，并且对鸡上皮细胞表现出强黏附性。罗伊氏乳酸杆菌、唾液乳酸杆菌、塞里蒙乳酸杆菌和黏膜乳酸杆菌在低pH条件下表现出更高的可培养性，约氏乳酸杆菌在高浓度胆汁盐中表现出更高的可培养性。孵育24小时后，只有卷曲乳酸杆菌在模拟胃液中可培养。北里乳酸杆菌表现出与野生型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的强自聚集和共聚集。所有乳酸杆菌对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌均表现出强抑制活性。
本研究中分离出的乳酸杆菌表现出益生菌特性。需要进一步进行体内实验，以评估它们在宿主体内定殖和持续存在的能力，以及评估它们对蛋鸡肠道微生物群和整体健康参数的潜在影响。
