盲肠微生物衍生短链脂肪酸和宿主遗传对肉鸡饲料效率的综合影响。
Combined effect of microbially derived cecal SCFA and host genetics on feed efficiency in broiler chickens.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition; Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
出版信息
Microbiome. 2023 Sep 1;11(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01627-6.
BACKGROUND
Improving feed efficiency is the most important goal for modern animal production. The regulatory mechanisms of controlling feed efficiency traits are extremely complex and include the functions related to host genetics and gut microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as significant metabolites of microbiota, could be used to refine the combined effect of host genetics and gut microbiota. However, the association of SCFAs with the gut microbiota and host genetics for regulating feed efficiency is far from understood.
RESULTS
In this study, 464 broilers were housed for RFI measuring and examining the host genome sequence. And 300 broilers were examined for cecal microbial data and SCFA concentration. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) showed that four out of seven SCFAs had significant associations with genome variants. One locus (chr4: 29414391-29417189), located near or inside the genes MAML3, SETD7, and MGST2, was significantly associated with propionate and had a modest effect on feed efficiency traits and the microbiota. The genetic effect of the top SNP explained 8.43% variance of propionate. Individuals with genotype AA had significantly different propionate concentrations (0.074 vs. 0.131 μg/mg), feed efficiency (FCR: 1.658 vs. 1.685), and relative abundance of 14 taxa compared to those with the GG genotype. Christensenellaceae and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group were associated with feed efficiency, propionate concentration, the top SNP genotypes, and lipid metabolism. Individuals with a higher cecal abundance of these taxa showed better feed efficiency and lower concentrations of caecal SCFAs.
CONCLUSION
Our study provides strong evidence of the pathway that host genome variants affect the cecal SCFA by influencing caecal microbiota and then regulating feed efficiency. The cecal taxa Christensenellaceae and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group were identified as representative taxa contributing to the combined effect of host genetics and SCFAs on chicken feed efficiency. These findings provided strong evidence of the combined effect of host genetics and gut microbial SCFAs in regulating feed efficiency traits. Video Abstract.
背景
提高饲料效率是现代动物生产的最重要目标。控制饲料效率性状的调节机制极其复杂，包括与宿主遗传和肠道微生物群相关的功能。短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）作为微生物群的重要代谢产物，可以用于细化宿主遗传和肠道微生物群的综合作用。然而，SCFAs 与调节饲料效率的肠道微生物群和宿主遗传之间的关联远未被理解。
结果
在这项研究中，464 只肉鸡被饲养用于 RFI 测量和检查宿主基因组序列。300 只肉鸡被检查盲肠微生物数据和 SCFA 浓度。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）表明，七种 SCFAs 中有四种与基因组变异有显著关联。一个位于基因 MAML3、SETD7 和 MGST2 附近或内部的基因座（chr4:29414391-29417189），与丙酸显著相关，对饲料效率性状和微生物群有适度影响。顶级 SNP 的遗传效应解释了丙酸 8.43%的方差。与 GG 基因型相比，AA 基因型个体的丙酸浓度（0.074 对 0.131μg/mg）、饲料效率（FCR：1.658 对 1.685）和 14 个分类群的相对丰度有显著差异。Christensenellaceae 和 Christensenellaceae_R-7_group 与饲料效率、丙酸浓度、顶级 SNP 基因型和脂质代谢有关。盲肠中这些分类群丰度较高的个体表现出更好的饲料效率和更低的盲肠 SCFA 浓度。
结论
我们的研究提供了强有力的证据表明，宿主基因组变异通过影响盲肠微生物群来影响盲肠 SCFA，从而调节饲料效率。盲肠类群 Christensenellaceae 和 Christensenellaceae_R-7_group 被确定为代表对宿主遗传和 SCFA 对鸡饲料效率综合作用有贡献的分类群。这些发现为宿主遗传和肠道微生物群 SCFA 联合调节饲料效率性状提供了强有力的证据。
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