通过有限元分析对透明矫治器生物力学的系统评价。

A systematic review of biomechanics of clear aligners by finite element analysis.

作者信息

Cao Huan, Hua Xin, Yang Linjing, Aoki Kazuhiro, Shang Shu, Lin Dan

机构信息

Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, PR China.

Basic Oral Health Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo (formerly Tokyo Medical and Dental University), Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):1026. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06295-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-06295-6

PMID:40604856

Abstract

PURPOSE

This review systematically collects the investigations on clear aligners (CA) by finite element analysis (FEA), and summarizes the biomechanical mechanism of CA including typical side effects and reformative designs of CA and auxiliary.

METHODS

Literatures on FEA biomechanical analysis of CA are searched on Web of Science and PubMed. The information of FEA methods and results, FEA-simulated orthodontic clinical scenarios are collected and discussed in categories.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine literatures are included. FEA are conducted with ABAQUS (13/29) or Ansys (13/29), while the data presentation forms are various without clear consensus. FEA-simulated orthodontic clinical scenarios are discussed by main targeted orthodontic directions.

CONCLUSIONS

Side effects of CA treatment are essentially caused by uneven stress distribution. Auxiliaries (including attachments, power ridges, intermaxillary elastics, divots etc.) are designed to adjust orthodontic biomechanics and stress distribution to improve therapeutic efficiency. Limitations of current researches include lack of unified standard for FEA protocols and data presentation forms, and lack of long-term biomechanical analysis of CA other than its initial instantaneous effects. FEA, as an efficient way of analyzing biomechanics of CA, deserves more standardized, extensive and in-depth study. This review might provide theoretical basis and reference for optimization of future orthodontic designs.

摘要

目的

本综述系统收集有限元分析（FEA）对透明矫治器（CA）的研究，并总结CA的生物力学机制，包括典型副作用以及CA和辅助装置的改良设计。

方法

在科学网和PubMed上搜索关于CA的FEA生物力学分析的文献。收集并分类讨论FEA方法和结果、FEA模拟的正畸临床场景的信息。

结果

纳入29篇文献。使用ABAQUS（13/29）或Ansys（13/29）进行FEA，而数据呈现形式多样，尚无明确共识。按主要正畸目标方向讨论FEA模拟的正畸临床场景。

结论

CA治疗的副作用本质上是由应力分布不均引起的。辅助装置（包括附件、动力嵴、颌间弹力牵引、凹陷等）旨在调整正畸生物力学和应力分布，以提高治疗效率。当前研究的局限性包括缺乏FEA方案和数据呈现形式的统一标准，以及除了初始瞬时效应外缺乏对CA的长期生物力学分析。FEA作为分析CA生物力学的有效方法，值得进行更标准化、广泛和深入的研究。本综述可能为未来正畸设计的优化提供理论依据和参考。