Katada Sayako, S Rodrigues Kelren, Nakashima Kinichi
Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Inflamm Regen. 2025 Jul 2;45(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s41232-025-00386-1.
The choroid plexus (ChP) is a highly vascularized tissue located within the brain ventricles. Traditionally recognized for its primary role in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, recent research has unveiled a far more complex and dynamic picture of the ChP's contributions to brain health and homeostasis. The ChP is composed of tight-junction-bound epithelial cells and the underlying stroma-rich fenestrated capillaries of blood vessels. This unique architecture creates a barrier between the peripheral blood and CSF, regulating the brain's internal environment. The discovery that CSF enters the brain parenchyma via the perivascular space, coupled with the identification of a functional brain lymphatic system linked to CSF turnover, further highlights the ChP as a gatekeeper of waste clearance and fluid homeostasis. This review will cover the development and histology of ChP, focusing on the dynamic response of the blood-CSF barrier in the context of systemic inflammation, a process whose molecular mechanisms have recently been elucidated.
脉络丛（ChP）是位于脑室中的高度血管化组织。传统上认为其在脑脊液（CSF）生成中起主要作用，最近的研究揭示了脉络丛对脑健康和内环境稳定的贡献呈现出一幅更为复杂和动态的图景。脉络丛由紧密连接的上皮细胞和其下方富含基质的有窗孔的血管毛细血管组成。这种独特的结构在周围血液和脑脊液之间形成了一道屏障，调节着大脑的内部环境。脑脊液通过血管周围间隙进入脑实质这一发现，以及与脑脊液周转相关的功能性脑淋巴系统的鉴定，进一步凸显了脉络丛作为废物清除和液体稳态守门人的作用。本综述将涵盖脉络丛的发育和组织学，重点关注全身炎症背景下血脑脊液屏障的动态反应，这一过程的分子机制最近已得到阐明。
