Li Zongbao, Hu Fan, Yu Han, Yao Yao, Lu Yanhui
Department of Endocrinology, the Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Rd, Beijing, 100853, China.
Graduate School of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
Eur J Med Res. 2025 Jul 2;30(1):563. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-02800-3.
Estrogen and thyroid hormone interact extensively in vivo, but the relationship between phytoestrogens and thyroid function and thyroid hormone sensitivity remains unclear.
Using 2007-2010 NHANES data of United States, we analysed the association of six urinary phytoestrogens with thyroid function and thyroid hormone sensitivity using a weighted multivariate linear regression model.
The final analysis included 2521 euthyroid participants. After weighted multivariable adjustment (excluding dietary patterns and serum iodine levels), urinary phytoestrogen concentrations showed significant sex- and compound-specific associations with both thyroid function indicators and thyroid hormone sensitivity indices. For thyroid function, in males, Equol and Enterodiol showed negative associations with free thyroxine (FT4), while Equol, Enterodiol, and Enterolactone were negatively associated with total thyroxine (TT4). In females, Daidzein and O-Desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) demonstrated positive associations with FT4. Regarding thyroid hormone sensitivity, sex-stratified analysis revealed significant negative associations in females between Daidzein/O-DMA and FT3/FT4 ratio (P = 0.01), and between O-DMA and Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) (P = 0.04), with no significant associations observed in males.
Urinary phytoestrogens were associated with thyroid function and may adversely affect the central thyroid hormone sensitivity. Given the risk of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) associated with reduced thyroid hormone sensitivity, more health monitoring of people with high phytoestrogens intake is warranted.
雌激素和甲状腺激素在体内广泛相互作用，但植物雌激素与甲状腺功能及甲状腺激素敏感性之间的关系仍不清楚。
利用美国2007 - 2010年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，我们使用加权多元线性回归模型分析了六种尿植物雌激素与甲状腺功能及甲状腺激素敏感性之间的关联。
最终分析纳入了2521名甲状腺功能正常的参与者。在进行加权多变量调整（排除饮食模式和血清碘水平）后，尿植物雌激素浓度与甲状腺功能指标和甲状腺激素敏感性指标均呈现出显著的性别及化合物特异性关联。对于甲状腺功能，在男性中，雌马酚和肠二醇与游离甲状腺素（FT4）呈负相关，而雌马酚、肠二醇和肠内酯与总甲状腺素（TT4）呈负相关。在女性中，大豆苷元和O - 去甲基安哥拉紫檀素（O - DMA）与FT4呈正相关。关于甲状腺激素敏感性，按性别分层分析显示，在女性中大豆苷元/O - DMA与FT3/FT4比值之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.01），O - DMA与基于甲状腺反馈分位数的指数（TFQI）之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.04），而在男性中未观察到显著关联。
尿植物雌激素与甲状腺功能相关，可能对中枢甲状腺激素敏感性产生不利影响。鉴于甲状腺激素敏感性降低与甲状腺功能减退和亚临床甲状腺功能减退（SCH）的风险相关，有必要对高植物雌激素摄入量人群进行更多的健康监测。
