智力残疾个体中握力、不对称性和小腿围度与功能能力的关系：年龄组分析
Relationship of handgrip strength, asymmetries, and calf circumference with functional capacity in individuals with intellectual disabilities: an age group analysis.
作者信息
Mendoza-Puelma Justine, Melo Julio B, Ferrari Gerson, Ferrero-Hernández Paloma, Espinoza-Salinas Alexis, Valdivia-Moral Pedro, Castillo-Paredes Antonio, Jofré-Saldía Emilio, Farías-Valenzuela Claudio
机构信息
Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
出版信息
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jul 2;17(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01181-8.
BACKGROUND
Handgrip strength (HGS) and calf circumference (CC) are key health markers associated with dynapenia and autonomy in the general population. However, their association with functional capacity in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between absolute and relative HGS, upper-limb strength asymmetries, and CC with functional capacity in individuals with ID.
METHODS
A total of 102 individuals ([31 children: mean age = 9.58 years, SD:1.82]; [30 adolescents: mean age = 14.67 years, SD: 1.34]; [41 adults: mean age = 23.56 years, SD: 5.59]) with mild to moderate ID, from four special education schools in Santiago, Chile, were assessed. HGS and asymmetries were evaluated using dynamometry, while CC was measured anthropometrically. Functional capacity was assessed using the timed up and go (TUG), 5-repetition sit-to-stand (5R-STS), 4 × 10 m agility, and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. Pearson, Spearman, and linear regression analyses, were applied to examine the relationships.
RESULTS
The mean values for absolute HGS, relative HGS, absolute asymmetry, percentage asymmetry, and CC were 20.71 kg, 0.35, 1.39 kg, 13.61%, and 33.89 cm, respectively. Functional test averages were 6.51 s (TUG), 10.46 s (5R-STS), 19.43 s (4 × 10 m agility), and 12.47 cm (CMJ). Significant correlations were found between absolute and relative HGS with all functional tests across age groups. Absolute HGS asymmetries correlated with some functional tests in children and adolescents, while percentage asymmetry and CC showed no associations. The very high age-group-specific correlations were TUG (r = -0.73; β = -0.34; R = 0.66) in children, agility 4 × 10 m test (r = -0.73; β = -0.26; R = 0.66) in adolescents, and CMJ (r = 0.71; β = 27.30; R = 0.71) in adults.
CONCLUSIONS
Absolute and relative HGS, as well as absolute asymmetries, are key predictors of functional capacity in individuals with ID. Implementing strength training interventions from an early school age is critical to preserving functional capacity in this population.
CLINICAL TRIAL
Not applicable.
背景
握力（HGS）和小腿围度（CC）是与普通人群的肌肉减少症和自主性相关的关键健康指标。然而，它们与智力障碍（ID）个体的功能能力之间的关联仍不清楚。本研究旨在确定绝对和相对握力、上肢力量不对称性以及小腿围度与智力障碍个体功能能力之间的关系。
方法
对来自智利圣地亚哥四所特殊教育学校的102名轻度至中度智力障碍者进行了评估（[31名儿童：平均年龄=9.58岁，标准差：1.82]；[30名青少年：平均年龄=14.67岁，标准差：1.34]；[41名成年人：平均年龄=23.56岁，标准差：5.59]）。使用测力计评估握力和不对称性，同时通过人体测量法测量小腿围度。使用定时起立行走（TUG）、5次重复坐立试验（5R-STS）、4×10米敏捷性测试和反向运动跳跃（CMJ）测试评估功能能力。应用Pearson、Spearman和线性回归分析来检验这些关系。
结果
绝对握力、相对握力、绝对不对称性、百分比不对称性和小腿围度的平均值分别为20.71千克、0.35、1.39千克、13.61%和33.89厘米。功能测试的平均值分别为6.51秒（TUG）、10.46秒（5R-STS）、19.43秒（4×10米敏捷性测试）和12.47厘米（CMJ）。在各年龄组中，绝对和相对握力与所有功能测试之间均存在显著相关性。儿童和青少年中，绝对握力不对称性与一些功能测试相关，而百分比不对称性和小腿围度则无关联。各年龄组中相关性非常高的分别是儿童的TUG（r = -0.73；β = -0.34；R = 0.66）、青少年的4×10米敏捷性测试（r = -0.73；β = -0.26；R = 0.66）以及成年人的CMJ（r = 0.71；β = 27.30；R = 0.71）。
结论
绝对和相对握力以及绝对不对称性是智力障碍个体功能能力的关键预测指标。从小学早期就实施力量训练干预对于维持该人群的功能能力至关重要。
临床试验
不适用。
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