Boyle Holly K, Sokolovsky Alexander W, Gunn Rachel L, Gette Jordan A, White Helene R, Jackson Kristina M
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Jul 3. doi: 10.1111/acer.70107.
Co-use of alcohol and cannabis among young adults is often associated with more alcohol consumption than alcohol-only use, yet little work has examined cannabis use specifically during heavy drinking. Much of the work examining heavy drinking has focused on heavy episodic drinking (HED, 4+/5+ drinks/occasion for females/males); however, young adults report drinking levels that far exceed this, frequently reporting high-intensity drinking (HID; 8+/10+ drinks/occasion for females/males), double the HED threshold, which confers greater risk of acute negative consequences. This study examined whether day-level co-use (vs. alcohol-only use) was associated with greater odds of heavier drinking levels: HID vs. HED vs. moderate drinking (1-3/1-4 drinks/occasion for females/males). We explored whether within-person variations in cannabis use characteristics (frequency, form, and quantity) differentiated moderate drinking, HED, and HID on co-use days.
Young adults who reported simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use (N = 318) from three US universities completed five repeated daily surveys for 54 days reporting number of drinks and number of cannabis uses (i.e., frequency/events), forms, and quantity.
Participants reported increased likelihood of HID and HED versus moderate drinking on co-use versus alcohol-only days. HID versus HED did not differ between co-use and alcohol-only days. On co-use days, heavier drinking was more likely on days with more cannabis use. The form of cannabis used and the use of multiple versus single forms of cannabis were not associated with drinking level. Yet, HID was more likely than HED and moderate drinking when more grams of flower were used and HID was also more likely than moderate drinking when more hits of concentrates were used.
Findings show heavy drinking (HID, HED) was more likely than moderate drinking on co-use days and cannabis use characteristics may influence drinking levels. Co-use interventions may benefit from a focus on heavy drinking and cannabis use characteristics.
在年轻人中，酒精和大麻同时使用往往比仅饮酒与更多的酒精消费相关，但很少有研究专门考察重度饮酒期间的大麻使用情况。许多关于重度饮酒的研究都集中在重度偶发性饮酒（女性/男性每次饮酒4杯以上/5杯以上）；然而，年轻人报告的饮酒量远远超过这一水平，经常报告高强度饮酒（女性/男性每次饮酒8杯以上/10杯以上），是重度偶发性饮酒阈值的两倍，这带来了更大的急性负面后果风险。本研究考察了每日同时使用（与仅饮酒相比）是否与更高强度饮酒水平的更高几率相关：高强度饮酒与重度偶发性饮酒与适度饮酒（女性/男性每次饮酒1 - 3杯/1 - 4杯）。我们探讨了大麻使用特征（频率、形式和数量）的个体内差异在同时使用日是否区分了适度饮酒、重度偶发性饮酒和高强度饮酒。
来自美国三所大学的报告同时使用酒精和大麻的年轻人（N = 318）在54天内完成了五次重复的每日调查，报告饮酒杯数和大麻使用次数（即频率/事件）、形式和数量。
参与者报告，与仅饮酒日相比，在同时使用日出现高强度饮酒和重度偶发性饮酒的可能性高于适度饮酒。同时使用日与仅饮酒日相比，高强度饮酒与重度偶发性饮酒之间没有差异。在同时使用日，大麻使用量越多的日子里出现更高强度饮酒的可能性越大。所使用的大麻形式以及使用多种形式与单一形式的大麻与饮酒水平无关。然而，当使用更多克花朵大麻时，出现高强度饮酒的可能性高于重度偶发性饮酒和适度饮酒，当使用更多次浓缩大麻时，出现高强度饮酒的可能性也高于适度饮酒。
研究结果表明，在同时使用日，重度饮酒（高强度饮酒、重度偶发性饮酒）比适度饮酒更有可能发生，大麻使用特征可能会影响饮酒水平。同时使用干预措施可能受益于关注重度饮酒和大麻使用特征。
