Persuasive of lateral supra malleolar flap for distal leg and foot reconstruction. A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION

Distal leg and foot have unique anatomical characteristics, and multiple etiologies may cause defects in various patterns that mandate reconstruction. Local flaps, such as perforator flaps, can give good outcomes with less complication. The lateral supra malleolar flap can effectively cover the distal leg and foot defect. In this article, we highlight the utility of this flap and its outcome.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This study is a descriptive, retrospective, multi-center, hospital-based performed to assess the efficacy of lateral supra malleolar flap in the reconstruction of distal leg and foot defects in Sudan during 2023-2024. The study included all patients presenting with various types of defects in the distal leg, ankle joint, and foot who were treated with the lateral supra malleolar flap.

RESULTS

The study included thirty-one patients, with 26 males (83.9 %) and 5 females (16.1 %). The largest age group was 30 to 40 years, with 12 patients (38.7 %). Weapon injuries were the most frequent, affecting 21 patients (67.7 %), followed by 6 patients (19.4 %) from road traffic accidents. Of the patients, 12 (38.7 %) had defects due to bone fractures, and 9 (29 %) had tendon injuries. Infections were reported in 4 (12.9 %), and 6 (19.4 %) patients experienced partial flap necrosis as a complication.

CONCLUSION

The lateral supra malleolar flap is a powerful choice for lower limb reconstruction. It provides tissue that closely resembles the texture and color of the leg and foot. This flap avoids damaging main blood vessels and can easily reach the foot. It is straightforward to use and has fewer complications than other techniques.