Wei Wu-Xiao, Meng Lian, Mao Zhen-Fang, Mo Zhen-Hua, Yang Lu, Qin Yan, Huang Jin-Yu
Guangxi University of Science and Technology First Affiliated Hospital, Liuzhou, China.
Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jun 18;16:1590931. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1590931. eCollection 2025.
Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression frequently coexist in middle-aged and older populations, potentially influencing each other. This study explores the relationship between depression and PD risk and investigates the association between lifestyle score and PD risk.
Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) for adults aged 45 and above were analyzed. A total of 30,347 participants were included, with 565 individuals developing PD during follow-up. PD cases were self-reported physician diagnoses. Depression was assessed using the CESD-10 scale (score ≥ 10 indicating depression). Lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, social activity, sleep, and BMI) were scored as healthy (≥4) or unhealthy (<4). Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze PD risk, and cubic spline regression was employed to evaluate the dose-response relationship between depression, lifestyle, and PD risk.
Depression (CESD-10 ≥ 10) was significantly associated with an increased risk of PD. In the fully adjusted model (Model 4), individuals with depression had a 53% higher risk of developing PD compared to those without depression (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.28-1.83). Cubic spline regression revealed a dose-response relationship: as CESD-10 scores increased, the risk of PD also increased. Unhealthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a higher risk of PD. The analysis showed that individuals with an unhealthy lifestyle had a 23.5% higher risk of developing PD than those with a healthy lifestyle. Additionally, the risk of PD varied with different lifestyle components. For example, no-smoking had a 17.9% lower risk of developing PD compared to smoking, and individuals with long sleep durations had a 36.2% lower risk of PD compared to those with short sleep durations.
Depression is significantly associated with the risk of PD in middle-aged and older populations. Our findings show a strong link between an unhealthy lifestyle and PD risk. This highlights the importance of addressing depression and avoiding unhealthy lifestyles in PD prevention.
帕金森病（PD）与抑郁症在中老年人群中经常并存，可能相互影响。本研究探讨抑郁症与帕金森病风险之间的关系，并调查生活方式评分与帕金森病风险之间的关联。
分析了中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）中45岁及以上成年人的数据。共纳入30347名参与者，其中565人在随访期间患上帕金森病。帕金森病病例由医生自我报告诊断。使用CESD-10量表评估抑郁症（得分≥10表明患有抑郁症）。生活方式因素（吸烟、饮酒、社交活动、睡眠和体重指数）被评为健康（≥4）或不健康（<4）。采用Cox比例风险模型分析帕金森病风险，并采用三次样条回归评估抑郁症、生活方式与帕金森病风险之间的剂量反应关系。
抑郁症（CESD-10≥10）与帕金森病风险增加显著相关。在完全调整模型（模型4）中，患有抑郁症的个体患帕金森病的风险比未患抑郁症的个体高53%（HR=1.53，95%CI：1.28-1.83）。三次样条回归显示出剂量反应关系：随着CESD-10得分增加，帕金森病风险也增加。不健康的生活方式与帕金森病风险较高显著相关。分析表明，生活方式不健康的个体患帕金森病的风险比生活方式健康的个体高23.5%。此外，帕金森病风险因不同的生活方式成分而异。例如，与吸烟相比，不吸烟患帕金森病的风险低17.9%，与睡眠短的个体相比，睡眠长的个体患帕金森病的风险低36.2%。
抑郁症与中老年人群患帕金森病的风险显著相关。我们的研究结果表明不健康的生活方式与帕金森病风险之间存在密切联系。这突出了在帕金森病预防中解决抑郁症和避免不健康生活方式的重要性。
