Kadjo Edwige M A Y, Yahaya Sylla, Guindo-Coulibaly Négnorogo, Adjogoua Valery E, Zoh Danielle D, Traoré François D, Assouho Fabrice K, Azongnibo Mardoché R K, Kpan Stéphane D M, Yapi Ahoua, Chandre Fabrice, Adja Maurice A
Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Institut Pierre Richet, Institut National de la Santé Publique, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2025 Jul 3;19(7):e0013255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0013255. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Over the last ten years, there has been an upsurge of dengue outbreaks in Côte d'Ivoire, with Aedes aegypti as the principal vector. The intensification of farming activities and the living conditions of local populations could lead to a proliferation of artificial breeding sites for Ae. aegypti, which would increase the risk of dengue transmission in rural areas. The present study characterised the habitats of Ae. aegypti larvae and assessed the risk of dengue transmission in three key agricultural areas of Côte d'Ivoire.
Aedes aegypti (larvae, pupae and adults) were collected from human dwellings in three key agricultural areas of Côte d'Ivoire during the rainy season. Risk indices including traditional Stegomyia indices and pupal indices were estimated. RT-qPCR was used to detect DENV in the pools of Ae. aegypti.
Aedes aegypti was the predominant species collected at the three locations. The predominant breeding sites were discarded tanks in Songon-Agban and Tchanctévè, and water storage tanks in Kaforo. High Stegomyia indices (house indices >5% and/or Breteau indices >20) and pupal indices (PIH [0.8 - 2.2] and PIP [0.1 - 0.4]) were recorded in all three sites, suggesting a high risk of dengue transmission. DENV-3 was detected in 1/96 (3.6%) pools of Ae. aegypti collected as immature stages in Songon-Agban with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 1.9 per 1000 mosquitoes.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The findings of this study indicated a high entomological risk of dengue across the three agricultural sites. It is important that the potential for transovarial transmission of DENV-3 in Ae. aegypti is considered when formulating control strategies against this vector in Côte d'Ivoire.
在过去十年间，科特迪瓦的登革热疫情激增，埃及伊蚊是主要传播媒介。农业活动的强化以及当地居民的生活条件可能导致埃及伊蚊人工繁殖场所的增多，这会增加农村地区登革热传播的风险。本研究对埃及伊蚊幼虫的栖息地进行了特征描述，并评估了科特迪瓦三个主要农业地区的登革热传播风险。
在雨季期间，从科特迪瓦三个主要农业地区的人类住所收集埃及伊蚊（幼虫、蛹和成虫）。估计了包括传统白纹伊蚊指数和蛹指数在内的风险指数。采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测埃及伊蚊样本池中的登革病毒（DENV）。
埃及伊蚊是在这三个地点采集到的主要蚊种。主要繁殖场所为松贡 - 阿班和昌克泰韦的废弃水箱，以及卡福罗的储水箱。在所有三个地点都记录到了较高的白纹伊蚊指数（房屋指数>5%和/或布雷托指数>20）和蛹指数（PIH[0.8 - 2.2]和PIP[0.1 - 0.4]），表明登革热传播风险较高。在松贡 - 阿班作为未成熟阶段采集的96份埃及伊蚊样本池中，检测到1份（3.6%）含有DENV-3，每1000只蚊子的最低感染率（MIR）为1.9。
结论/意义：本研究结果表明，这三个农业地点的登革热存在较高的昆虫学风险。在制定针对科特迪瓦这种病媒的控制策略时，考虑DENV-3在埃及伊蚊中的经卵传递可能性非常重要。
