Akagankou Kossivi I, Ahadji-Dabla Koffi M, Romero-Alvarez Daniel, Navarro Juan-Carlos, Ortega-López Leonardo D, Villanueva-Sarmiento Manuel, N'Tsoukpoe Komlan G J, Koffi Edoh, Kondo Yovo, Amekudi Adjo A, Apetogbo Yawo, Lenhart Audrey, Ketoh Guillaume K
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Et d'Ecotoxicologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lomé, 01 BP: 1515, Lomé1, Togo.
Emerging and Neglected Diseases, Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ecoepidemiology and Biodiversity, Universidad Internacional SEK (UISEK), Quito, Ecuador.
Parasit Vectors. 2025 Jul 1;18(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s13071-025-06835-7.
Understanding the population dynamics and geographical range of Aedes aegypti is critically important for arbovirus vector surveillance and control. Little is known about the current distribution and seasonality of Ae. aegypti in Grand Lomé, Togo. We developed an investigation to determine whether Ae. aegypti was present across Lomé communes during a 1-year collection period.
Mosquito ovitraps (n = 70) were deployed across the 13 communes in the Grand Lomé health region and were examined between May 2022 and April 2023. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were applied to investigate the relationship between larval collections and seasonality. The European Space Agency (ESA) WorldCover 10 m 2020 product was used to represent different land cover classes and to determine whether sites with higher larval numbers differed from sites with lower numbers.
A total of 52,768 Ae. aegypti larvae were collected across the 13 communes of Grand Lomé. The highest incidence of Ae. aegypti larvae was observed in the commune of Bè-Ouest (= 122.74 per 1000 population). Agoè-Nyivé was the commune with the lowest incidence over the entire study period. There was a statistically significant difference in Ae. aegypti larval counts between the rainy and dry seasons. Eight land-use classes were represented by the ESA 10 m product in Grand Lomé, with the built-up category being the most common. We found a significant relationship between larval abundance categories and land cover classes.
This study shows that Ae. aegypti larvae can be found across all communes of the Grand Lomé region in both the rainy and dry seasons, especially in ovitraps surrounded by built-up land cover category. The results of this study could be useful in guiding disease vector surveillance and control efforts due to the potential imminent risk of upcoming dengue outbreaks.
了解埃及伊蚊的种群动态和地理分布范围对于虫媒病毒病媒介监测和控制至关重要。目前对多哥大洛美地区埃及伊蚊的分布和季节性情况知之甚少。我们开展了一项调查，以确定在为期1年的收集期内，洛美各公社是否存在埃及伊蚊。
在大洛美卫生区的13个公社部署了70个诱蚊产卵器，并于2022年5月至2023年4月期间对其进行检查。应用广义线性混合模型（GLMMs）研究幼虫收集量与季节性之间的关系。使用欧洲航天局（ESA）2020年10米分辨率的WorldCover产品来代表不同的土地覆盖类别，并确定幼虫数量较多的地点与数量较少的地点是否存在差异。
在大洛美的13个公社共收集到52768只埃及伊蚊幼虫。在贝奥韦斯特公社观察到埃及伊蚊幼虫的发病率最高（每1000人中有122.74只）。阿戈埃-尼维是整个研究期间发病率最低的公社。雨季和旱季之间埃及伊蚊幼虫数量存在统计学上的显著差异。ESA的10米分辨率产品在大洛美地区代表了8种土地利用类别，其中建成区类别最为常见。我们发现幼虫丰度类别与土地覆盖类别之间存在显著关系。
本研究表明，在雨季和旱季，大洛美地区的所有公社都能发现埃及伊蚊幼虫，尤其是在被建成区土地覆盖类别包围的诱蚊产卵器中。鉴于即将爆发登革热的潜在紧迫风险，本研究结果可能有助于指导病媒监测和控制工作。
