Sigurdsson G H
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1985 Aug;29(6):632-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02270.x.
The influence of premedication on induction characteristics and respiration was studied in 40 children breathing spontaneously during enflurane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Two different premedications were used. Twenty children (Group DA) received a rectal solution containing diazepam 0.25 mg kg-1 and atropine 0.015 mg kg-1 and 20 (Group DMS) received a rectal solution of diazepam 0.5 mg kg-1, morphine 0.15 mg kg-1 and scopolamine 0.01 mg kg-1. The children in Group DMS had a significantly higher preoperative sedative score (P less than 0.01), faster induction of anaesthesia (P less than 0.01), lower occurrence of airway problems during induction and a smoother intubation (P less than 0.05) than the children in Group DA. However, the end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions were higher and the occurrence of apnoea was more common in Group DMS than in Group DA. Thus it was concluded that if the more sedative premedication (DMS) is to be used for enflurane anaesthesia in children, controlled ventilation would be preferable.
在40名接受恩氟烷-氧化亚氮麻醉且自主呼吸的儿童中，研究了术前用药对诱导特征和呼吸的影响。使用了两种不同的术前用药。20名儿童（DA组）接受了含有0.25mg/kg地西泮和0.015mg/kg阿托品的直肠溶液，另外20名（DMS组）接受了含有0.5mg/kg地西泮、0.15mg/kg吗啡和0.01mg/kg东莨菪碱的直肠溶液。与DA组儿童相比，DMS组儿童术前镇静评分显著更高（P<0.01），麻醉诱导更快（P<0.01），诱导期间气道问题发生率更低，插管更顺利（P<0.05）。然而，DMS组的呼气末二氧化碳分压更高，呼吸暂停的发生率比DA组更常见。因此得出结论，如果在儿童恩氟烷麻醉中使用镇静作用更强的术前用药（DMS），则控制性通气更为可取。
