Riaz Hadia, Fatima Noor, Pathan Soobia, Memon Marvi, Ghafoor Abdul, Chaudhry Shama, Khaliq M
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, PAK.
Gynecology, Omar Medical Complex, Ghakhar Mandi, PAK.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 4;17(6):e85345. doi: 10.7759/cureus.85345. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is one of the most commonly used assisted reproductive techniques for couples experiencing fertility issues. This study examined the difference in pregnancy rates between women who received estrogen priming before the ovulation trigger and those who did not.
This observational study was conducted at a fertility clinic and involved 80 women who underwent IUI, aged 24-38 years. The study spanned 12 months. The participants were divided into two groups: those who would receive estrogen priming (n = 40) and those who served as non-primed controls (n = 40). The sample size was calculated using OpenEpi 3.0.0 (Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Soe MM. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version. www.OpenEpi.com, updated 2013/04/06). Patients in the primed group were administered estradiol valerate (2 mg/day) from days 3 to 10 of the menstrual cycle. Endometrial characteristics, including thickness and pattern, and serum hormone levels were evaluated prior to ovulation triggering. Clinical pregnancy was confirmed via ultrasound. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (Released 2018; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US), with t-tests and chi-square tests applied. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Estrogen priming significantly improved endometrial thickness, with the primed group demonstrating a greater mean thickness compared to the control group (9.5 ± 1.3 mm vs. 7.6 ± 1.1 mm, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcomes (r = 0.41, p = 0.005).
The use of estrogen significantly enhanced endometrial growth and was associated with improved pregnancy outcomes following IUI. Administering estradiol as part of hormonal support may optimize endometrial receptivity and improve the efficacy of clinical fertility procedures.
宫腔内人工授精（IUI）是治疗不孕夫妇最常用的辅助生殖技术之一。本研究探讨了在触发排卵前接受雌激素预处理的女性与未接受预处理的女性之间妊娠率的差异。
本观察性研究在一家生育诊所进行，纳入了80名年龄在24 - 38岁之间接受IUI的女性。研究为期12个月。参与者被分为两组：接受雌激素预处理的组（n = 40）和作为未预处理对照的组（n = 40）。样本量使用OpenEpi 3.0.0（Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Soe MM. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version. www.OpenEpi.com, updated 2013/04/06）计算。预处理组的患者在月经周期的第3天至第10天给予戊酸雌二醇（2毫克/天）。在触发排卵前评估子宫内膜特征，包括厚度和形态，以及血清激素水平。通过超声确认临床妊娠。使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，版本26.0（发布于2018年；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）进行数据分析，应用t检验和卡方检验。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
雌激素预处理显著改善了子宫内膜厚度，预处理组的平均厚度大于对照组（9.5±1.3毫米对7.6±1.1毫米，p < 0.001）。观察到子宫内膜厚度与妊娠结局之间存在正相关（r = 0.41，p = 0.005）。
雌激素的使用显著促进了子宫内膜生长，并与IUI后改善的妊娠结局相关。给予雌二醇作为激素支持的一部分可能会优化子宫内膜容受性并提高临床生育程序的疗效。
