Venketaraman Vishwanath, Hajjar Karim, Sheren Nisar
College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2950:27-33. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4674-8_2.
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a gram-negative organism that commonly colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and has the ability to travel hematogenously to the central nervous system, resulting in inflammation of the brain and spinal cord membranes. E. coli meningitis is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates and infants throughout the world and is less common in adults. E. coli meningitis has a high degree of bacteremia and invasion of the blood-brain barrier with specific microbial and host factors as well as microbe- and host specific signaling molecules. The blocking of microbial and host factors that contribute to E. coli invasion of the blood-brain barrier is shown to be efficient in preventing E. coli penetration into the brain. It is critical to outline current in vitro and in vivo models to understand the pathogenesis of E. coli meningitis and to further refine diagnostic workup and treatment plans.
大肠杆菌（E. coli）是一种革兰氏阴性菌，通常定植于胃肠道，能够通过血液传播至中枢神经系统，导致脑和脊髓膜炎症。大肠杆菌脑膜炎是全球新生儿和婴儿死亡和发病的重要原因，在成人中较少见。大肠杆菌脑膜炎具有高度菌血症以及特定微生物和宿主因素以及微生物与宿主特异性信号分子对血脑屏障的侵袭。阻断促成大肠杆菌侵袭血脑屏障的微生物和宿主因素已被证明在预防大肠杆菌侵入大脑方面是有效的。概述当前的体外和体内模型对于理解大肠杆菌脑膜炎的发病机制以及进一步完善诊断检查和治疗方案至关重要。
