Le Guannan, Ma Xiaoyu, Muhmood Azhar
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Langmuir. 2025 Jul 22;41(28):18369-18387. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01641. Epub 2025 Jul 9.
Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities that have garnered increasing attention due to their potential applications in biomedicine. However, designing nanozymes with the desired properties remains challenging due to issues such as potential biotoxicity and nonselective harmful effects, which limits their biomedical applications. Nowadays, natural or genetically engineered protein scaffolds have emerged as a promising platform for nanozyme design, owing to their unique structural properties, biomineralization capabilities, self-assembly features, and high biocompatibility. Herein, we focus on the main types of protein scaffolds, including natural proteins, recombinant protein, genetic engineering modification recombinant proteins, and biological matrix protein frameworks, used to design of nanozymes, and the classical methods of designing protein scaffold-based nanozymes. We also explore the advantages of genetically engineered proteins in the versatile design of nanozymes and discuss the biomedical applications of protein scaffold-based nanozymes, emphasizing their enzyme-mimicking activities. This perspective provides systematic and innovative insights into the design of nanozymes using protein scaffolds.
纳米酶是一类具有类酶活性的纳米材料，因其在生物医学中的潜在应用而受到越来越多的关注。然而，由于潜在的生物毒性和非选择性有害影响等问题，设计具有所需特性的纳米酶仍然具有挑战性，这限制了它们在生物医学中的应用。如今，天然或基因工程蛋白支架已成为纳米酶设计的一个有前景的平台，这得益于它们独特的结构特性、生物矿化能力、自组装特性和高生物相容性。在此，我们重点关注用于纳米酶设计的主要类型的蛋白支架，包括天然蛋白、重组蛋白、基因工程修饰重组蛋白和生物基质蛋白框架，以及基于蛋白支架设计纳米酶的经典方法。我们还探讨了基因工程蛋白在纳米酶多功能设计中的优势，并讨论了基于蛋白支架的纳米酶的生物医学应用，强调了它们的模拟酶活性。这一观点为利用蛋白支架设计纳米酶提供了系统而创新的见解。
