基于室温电信单光子发射器的偏振编码量子密钥分发

Polarization-encoded quantum key distribution with a room-temperature telecom single-photon emitter.

作者信息

Xingjian Zhang, Haoran Zhang, Chua Rui Ming, Eng John, Meunier Max, Grieve James A, Weibo Gao, Ling Alexander

机构信息

Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.

Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.

出版信息

Natl Sci Rev. 2025 Apr 16;12(8):nwaf147. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf147. eCollection 2025 Aug.

DOI:10.1093/nsr/nwaf147

PMID:40635680

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12236337/

Abstract

Single-photon sources (SPSs) are directly applicable in quantum key distribution (QKD) because they allow the implementation of the canonical BB84 protocol. To date, QKD implementations using SPSs are not widespread because of the need for cryogenic operation, or frequency conversion to a wavelength efficiently transmitted over telecommunication fibers. We report an observation of polarization-encoded QKD using a room-temperature telecom SPS based on a GaN defect. A field test over 3.5 km of deployed fiber with 4.0-dB loss yielded a quantum bit error rate (QBER) of 5.0% and a secure key rate of 585.9 bps. Further testing in a 32.5-km fiber spool (attenuation of 11.2 dB), which exhibited substantially lower polarization mode dispersion, yielded a QBER of 3.2% and a secure key rate of 50.4 bps. These results illustrate the potential of the GaN defects for supporting polarization-encoded quantum communication.

摘要

单光子源（SPS）可直接应用于量子密钥分发（QKD），因为它们能实现标准的BB84协议。迄今为止，使用SPS的QKD实现尚未广泛普及，原因在于需要低温操作，或者需要将频率转换为能在电信光纤上高效传输的波长。我们报告了基于氮化镓（GaN）缺陷的室温电信SPS用于偏振编码QKD的观测结果。在一段损耗为4.0分贝、部署长度为3.5千米的光纤上进行的现场测试，得到的量子误码率（QBER）为5.0%，安全密钥率为585.9比特每秒。在一个32.5千米的光纤盘（衰减为11.2分贝）中进行的进一步测试，该光纤盘的偏振模色散显著更低，得到的QBER为3.2%，安全密钥率为50.4比特每秒。这些结果说明了GaN缺陷在支持偏振编码量子通信方面的潜力。