A Review on Novel Formulations and Delivery Systems of Botanical Insecticides for Enhanced Efficacy.

The increasing demand for eco-friendly pest management solutions has sparked a renewed interest in botanical insecticides. These plant-based insecticides offer a more sustainable option compared to synthetic chemicals, minimizing harm to non-target organisms. Nevertheless, certain challenges like rapid degradation, low stability, and limited efficacy in field conditions have hindered their extensive adoption. This review thoroughly examines recent developments in formulations and delivery techniques with the goal of enhancing the effectiveness of botanical insecticides. In addition, we explore innovative methods such as nanoformulations, encapsulating technologies, and controlled release systems to improve the stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of these natural substances. Furthermore, the paper highlights the significance of synergists and adjuvants in enhancing the effectiveness of insecticides and addressing resistance issues in pest populations. Through a thorough analysis of existing research and the identification of important areas that need further exploration, this review seeks to offer valuable insights that can contribute to the creation of botanical insecticide products that are both more efficient and commercially successful. In addition, a comprehensive list of market products that utilize these innovative formulations is also included.