Adam Hiba, Ghenimi Nadirah, Minsart Anne F, Narchi Hassib, Al Awar Shamsa, Al Hajeri Omniyat M, Elbarazi Iffat, Al-Rifai Rami H, Ahmed Luai A
Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 10;15(1):24872. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10020-2.
Major congenital anomalies (MCAs) are significant contributors to perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in preterm and low birth weight neonates. The association between MCAs, preterm birth, and low birth weight remains poorly defined, necessitating further research to refine management strategies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MCAs on preterm and low birth weight births in a sample of the Emirati population. The analysis was based on a cohort of singleton live births from the Mutaba'ah study (2017-2023). Regression models assessed the association between MCAs and both preterm birth and low birth weight, adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics. Neonates with any MCAs had two-times higher odds of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.9) and low birth weight (AOR: 2.2, 95% CI 1.4-3.3), compared with MCAs-free neonates. Moreover, neonates with multiple MCAs had significantly increased odds of being born preterm (AOR: 5.3, 95% CI 2.6-10.7) or with low birth weight (AOR: 3.5, 95% CI 1.5-8.6). This study provides evidence of a strong association between MCAs and increased risks of preterm birth and low birth weight, highlighting the need for a proactive, multidisciplinary approach to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable population.
主要先天性异常（MCAs）是围产期发病率和死亡率的重要因素，尤其是在早产和低体重新生儿中。MCAs、早产和低体重之间的关联仍不明确，需要进一步研究以完善管理策略。本研究旨在调查阿联酋人群样本中MCAs对早产和低体重出生的影响。分析基于Mutaba'ah研究（2017 - 2023年）中的单胎活产队列。回归模型评估了MCAs与早产和低体重之间的关联，并对母亲和新生儿特征进行了调整。与无MCAs的新生儿相比，患有任何MCAs的新生儿早产几率高两倍（调整后的优势比（AOR）：2.0，95%置信区间（CI）1.3 - 2.9），低体重几率高两倍（AOR：2.2，95% CI 1.4 - 3.3）。此外，患有多种MCAs的新生儿早产（AOR：5.3，95% CI 2.6 - 10.7）或低体重（AOR：3.5，95% CI 1.5 - 8.6）的几率显著增加。本研究提供了证据，证明MCAs与早产和低体重风险增加之间存在密切关联，凸显了需要采取积极主动的多学科方法来改善这一弱势群体的健康结局。
