Falk Leah N, Bentley William E, Kelly Deanna L, Payne Gregory F, Kim Eunkyoung
Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Adv Redox Res. 2025 Jun;15. doi: 10.1016/j.arres.2025.100129. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
Oxidative stress appears to act globally and span body systems (e.g., nervous, immune, and endocrine). Currently, there is no single, generally-accepted measurement of oxidative stress. Many possible measurement approaches focus on the bottom-up analysis of individual molecules (e.g., reactive species, antioxidants, hormones or signaling molecules) or combinations of molecules (e.g., proteomics or metabolomics). Efforts to develop a global measurement of oxidative stress often detect a sample's ability to reduce a metal-ion (e.g., iron or copper) or quench a free radical. Here, we review results from a recently-developed iridium-reducing capacity assay (Ir-RCA) and suggest that this method offers several key benefits as a potential measurement of oxidative stress. First, the Ir-RCA employs simple optical and/or electrochemical measurements that can be extended to high throughput formats. Second, the Ir-RCA appears to be more sensitive than alternative global antioxidant assays. Third, the Ir-RCA measures stable molecular features of a sample. Fourth, the Ir-RCA has been "validated" by showing statistically significant differences in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia ( = 73) versus healthy controls ( = 45). Fifth, the Ir-RCA measurement of oxidative stress is "movable": psychosocial stressors can increase this measure of oxidative stress, while beneficial dietary interventions can decrease this measure of oxidative stress. Limitations and future directions for the Ir-RCA are discussed.
氧化应激似乎具有全身性作用，涉及身体多个系统（如神经、免疫和内分泌系统）。目前，尚无一种被普遍接受的氧化应激测量方法。许多可能的测量方法侧重于对单个分子（如活性物质、抗氧化剂、激素或信号分子）或分子组合（如蛋白质组学或代谢组学）进行自下而上的分析。开发氧化应激整体测量方法的努力通常是检测样本还原金属离子（如铁或铜）或淬灭自由基的能力。在此，我们综述了最近开发的铱还原能力测定法（Ir-RCA）的结果，并表明该方法作为氧化应激的潜在测量方法具有几个关键优势。首先，Ir-RCA采用简单的光学和/或电化学测量，可扩展至高通量形式。其次，Ir-RCA似乎比其他整体抗氧化剂测定法更灵敏。第三，Ir-RCA测量的是样本稳定的分子特征。第四，通过显示被诊断为精神分裂症的患者（n = 73）与健康对照者（n = 45）之间具有统计学显著差异，Ir-RCA已得到“验证”。第五，Ir-RCA对氧化应激的测量具有“可变动性”：心理社会应激源可增加这种氧化应激测量值，而有益的饮食干预可降低这种氧化应激测量值。我们还讨论了Ir-RCA的局限性和未来发展方向。
