Li Bin, Yang HuiQian, Lv XiaoXu, Guo Xu, Xu FengLei, Li XiaoMing
ShanDong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2025 Jun 19;26:200455. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200455. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a causative agent of a wide range of chronic diseases, and its target organ damage is characterized by cardiovascular complications that are most common and severe. The primary objective of long-term intervention for OSAS is not only to correct the sleep architecture and reduce the incidence of hypoxemia, but also to alleviate the cardiovascular system's burden, decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, and enhance patients' quality of life.
A literature search of PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar was conducted from January 1, 2019, to May 30, 2024. A comprehensive narrative review of studies related to the impact of OSAS on cardiovascular events in the last five years was also conducted. This includes an overview of the incidence, physiologic mechanisms, risk indicators, and interventions for OSAS and various cardiovascular diseases.
Recent literature and studies have shown that there is a significant correlation between the prevalence of OSAS and the risk of cardiovascular disease, and that some unique dynamic factors such as shift work disorders play an important role in the assessment of the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with OSAS; however, new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies need to be further researched and developed to better meet the needs of clinical management.
A comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular risk associated with OSAS, utilizing the necessary screening tools and targeted interventions, including the application of drugs, surgery, CPAP, or lifestyle modifications, can effectively reduce or even prevent damage to its target organs. The main goal of long-term intervention for OSAS is not only to correct the sleep architecture and reduce the occurrence of hypoxemia, but also to reduce the burden on the cardiovascular system, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and improve the quality of life of patients.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）是多种慢性疾病的致病因素，其靶器官损害以心血管并发症最为常见且严重。OSAS长期干预的主要目标不仅是纠正睡眠结构、降低低氧血症发生率，还包括减轻心血管系统负担、降低心血管疾病风险以及提高患者生活质量。
于2019年1月1日至2024年5月30日在PubMed、SCOPUS和谷歌学术上进行文献检索。还对过去五年中与OSAS对心血管事件影响相关的研究进行了全面的叙述性综述。这包括对OSAS及各种心血管疾病的发病率、生理机制、风险指标和干预措施的概述。
近期文献和研究表明，OSAS的患病率与心血管疾病风险之间存在显著相关性，并且一些独特的动态因素如轮班工作障碍在评估OSAS患者心血管事件风险中起重要作用；然而，需要进一步研究和开发新的诊断工具和治疗策略，以更好地满足临床管理需求。
利用必要的筛查工具和针对性干预措施，包括药物应用、手术、持续气道正压通气（CPAP）或生活方式改变，对与OSAS相关的心血管风险进行全面评估，可有效减少甚至预防其靶器官损害。OSAS长期干预的主要目标不仅是纠正睡眠结构、减少低氧血症的发生，还包括减轻心血管系统负担、降低心血管疾病风险以及改善患者生活质量。
