Olanrewaju Fatai Olatunde, Oripelaye Muphy Mufutau, Ajani Atinuke Arinola, Enitan Ademola Olusegun
Department of Dermatology/Venereology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Department of Dermatology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2022 Dec 20;5(3):264-275. doi: 10.4314/rjmhs.v5i3.2. eCollection 2022 Dec.
The Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than 70% of the global burden of HIV infections. Non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis, when initiated within 72 hours of HIV exposure for 28 days, can prevent seroconversion in 80% of HIV exposures.
To evaluate the characteristics, prevalence and outcome of non-occupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis utilization in a tertiary hospital.
This was a retrospective study that involved the medical records of 143 patients who sought HIV non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis between 1st June 2011 and 31st May 2021. A questionnaire was used to collect information about the socio-demographic data, profiles of both the source and exposed persons, antiretroviral completion rate and outcome at follow-up.
Females accounted for 125 (87.4%). Sexual assaults were the main reasons for seeking non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis in 119 (83.2%). High-risk exposures were observed in 134 (93.7%). HIV status of the sources was unknown in 126 (88.1%). 123 (86.0%) initiated antiretroviral within 72 hours of exposure and antiretroviral completion rate was 70.6%. Only 28 (19.6%) reported for follow-up scheduled HIV screening and were all negative.
Early initiation of postexposure prophylaxis, improvement in baseline HIV testing of the source, and follow-up HIV screening, will significantly improve services and outcomes.
撒哈拉以南非洲地区承担了全球70%以上的艾滋病毒感染负担。非职业性暴露后预防措施若在艾滋病毒暴露后72小时内开始并持续28天，可使80%的艾滋病毒暴露者预防血清转化。
评估一家三级医院中非职业性艾滋病毒暴露后预防措施的使用特征、患病率及结果。
这是一项回顾性研究，涉及2011年6月1日至2021年5月31日期间寻求非职业性艾滋病毒暴露后预防措施的143例患者的病历。采用问卷调查收集社会人口统计学数据、源接触者和暴露者的资料、抗逆转录病毒药物完成率及随访结果等信息。
女性占125例（87.4%）。性侵犯是119例（83.2%）寻求非职业性暴露后预防措施的主要原因。134例（93.7%）存在高风险暴露。126例（88.1%）源接触者的艾滋病毒感染状况未知。123例（86.0%）在暴露后72小时内开始使用抗逆转录病毒药物，抗逆转录病毒药物完成率为70.6%。只有28例（19.6%）按计划进行了随访艾滋病毒筛查，结果均为阴性。
尽早开始暴露后预防、改善源接触者的基线艾滋病毒检测以及进行随访艾滋病毒筛查，将显著改善服务和结果。
