Furuhashi Ryusei, Motomura Hiroyuki
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan.
The Kagoshima University Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan The Kagoshima University Museum Kagoshima Japan.
Zookeys. 2025 Jun 26;1243:191-206. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1243.147259. eCollection 2025.
The Indo-Pacific lizardfish (Aulopiformes, Synodontidae) is morphologically distinct from all other nominal species of , and is described as new. It is characterized by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays 11-13; anal-fin rays 8-10; lateral-line scales 49-51; scale rows above lateral line 3.5; scale rows below lateral line 4.5; vertebrae 49-52; anterior gill rakers 22-29; peritoneal spots 0-5; anterior palatine teeth in a discrete group, longer than posterior palatine teeth; anterior nostril flap long, broad, leaf-like, extending above and behind posterior margin of posterior nostril when laid back; posterior process of pelvic girdle wide; posterior part of preopercle scaled; body with 5 reddish saddle-like blotches; and lateral surface below lateral line with a straight row of brown blotches when fresh. The new species is similar to Schultz, 1953 and Russell & Cressey, 1979, but these species differ in having 52-56 and 53-55 lateral-line scales, respectively. In addition, has blotches below the lateral line in a zigzag pattern, and has anterior and posterior palatine teeth similar in length, 14-25 teeth on the tongue, and 0-5 peritoneal spots. No color pattern differences were apparent between the new species and , making differentiation between the two species in underwater photographs impossible; consequently, underwater photographs and unsupported catalog records were excluded from the reassessment of each species' distribution. Examination of specimens reported as revealed that the true has been collected only in Australian waters, whereas is widely distributed in the eastern Indian and Pacific oceans.
印度-太平洋蜥鱼（仙女鱼目，合齿鱼科）在形态上与其他所有已知物种都不同，现被描述为新物种。它具有以下特征组合：背鳍鳍条11 - 13；臀鳍鳍条8 - 10；侧线鳞49 - 51；侧线以上鳞片行3.5；侧线以下鳞片行4.5；椎骨49 - 52；前鳃耙22 - 29；腹膜斑0 - 5；前颌齿成离散组，比后颌齿长；前鼻孔瓣长、宽、叶状，向后平放时延伸至后鼻孔后缘上方和后方；骨盆带后突宽；鳃盖前骨后部有鳞；身体有5个微红的鞍状斑；新鲜时侧线以下侧面有一排直的褐色斑。新物种与1953年的舒尔茨氏蜥鱼和1979年的拉塞尔氏蜥鱼及克雷西氏蜥鱼相似，但这些物种的侧线鳞分别为52 - 56和53 - 55。此外，舒尔茨氏蜥鱼侧线以下的斑呈锯齿状，拉塞尔氏蜥鱼及克雷西氏蜥鱼的前颌齿和后颌齿长度相似，舌上有14 - 25颗齿，腹膜斑0 - 5。新物种与拉塞尔氏蜥鱼及克雷西氏蜥鱼之间没有明显的颜色模式差异，因此无法在水下照片中区分这两个物种；因此，水下照片和无支撑的编目记录被排除在每个物种分布的重新评估之外。对报告为拉塞尔氏蜥鱼及克雷西氏蜥鱼的标本检查发现，真正的拉塞尔氏蜥鱼及克雷西氏蜥鱼仅在澳大利亚海域采集到，而新物种在东印度洋和太平洋广泛分布。
