Association Between Polymorphisms and Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

A growing number of studies are exploring the association between HOTAIR rs920778 polymorphisms and cancer risk, but to date, there has been controversy and uncertainty. Preliminary evidence suggests that this polymorphism may influence cancer susceptibility, particularly in Asian populations and specific cancer types such as cervical cancer (CC) and breast cancer (BC). We therefore conducted an updated meta-analysis to accurately assess the association of the HOTAIR rs920778 polymorphism with cancer risk. Comprehensive literature searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to September 8, 2023. Inclusion criteria included case-control studies with allele frequency data for both cases and controls. A total of 29 case-control studies were selected for quantitative analysis. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Stata software (Version 11) to evaluate the association between the rs920778 polymorphism and cancer risk. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using chi-square tests, statistics, and funnel plots with Egger's test. Our analysis of the results found a significant association between the rs920778 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. In Asian populations, all five genetic models of the rs920778 polymorphism have been shown to increase overall cancer susceptibility. At the same time, we performed stratified analyses based on cancer type and found that all genetic models revealed significantly increased susceptibility to CC in Asian populations. Conversely, the heterozygote model of rs920778 demonstrated significantly reduced susceptibility to BC, with consistent effects across racial groups. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the HOTAIR rs920778 polymorphism may be a risk factor for cancer but may serve as a protective factor for BC. Future studies require larger sample sizes and gene function analysis, suggesting that the rs920778 polymorphism could serve as a genetic biomarker to guide targeted therapies or cancer screening.