Zhang Shunhong, Jiang Jun, Luo Yi, Liu Guangyue, Hu Saidi, Wan Siran, Luo Chenchen, Li Hong, Li Nian, da Graça Espírito Santo Vasconcelos Jailson, Lavres Ceita de Carvalho Leonilde, Lima Bragança da Costa Monazeri, Takounjou José Etchu, Maimite Das Neves Karem, Dos Ramos da Conceição Luzimery, da Costa Encarnação Marinela, Zhao Lin-Yong
Department of Cardiology, Pangang Group General Hospital, Panzhihua, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Jun 26;12:1613900. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1613900. eCollection 2025.
The escalating recognition of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) as a molecular nexus in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis necessitates a comprehensive synthesis of its spatiotemporal dynamics and therapeutic potential. This review synthesizes PVAT's roles in vascular inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and emerging diagnostic strategies, emphasizing molecular cross-talk and spatial heterogeneity. We explore PVAT's molecular interactions in obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, elucidating its contribution to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Advanced imaging techniques, notably the perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI) and circulating biomarkers, are highlighted for early CVD detection. Novel therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and gut microbiota modulation, are discussed. Finally, we emphasize multi-omics approaches and propose a roadmap bridging basic and clinical research to advance PVAT-based CVD management.
血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）作为心血管疾病（CVD）发病机制中的分子枢纽，其受到的关注日益增加，这就需要全面综合其时空动态变化及治疗潜力。本综述综合了PVAT在血管炎症、代谢失调及新兴诊断策略中的作用，强调了分子间的相互作用和空间异质性。我们探讨了PVAT在肥胖、糖尿病和高血压中的分子相互作用，阐明了其对炎症、氧化应激和内皮功能障碍的影响。重点介绍了先进的成像技术，尤其是血管周围脂肪衰减指数（FAI）和循环生物标志物，用于早期检测CVD。还讨论了包括生活方式改变、药物干预和肠道微生物群调节在内的新型治疗策略。最后，我们强调多组学方法，并提出了一条连接基础研究和临床研究的路线图，以推进基于PVAT的CVD管理。
