Guo Weishuai, Kim Youngsuk, Wu Chaojie, Kim Sukwon
College of Physical Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China.
Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Ann Hum Biol. 2025 Dec;52(1):2500974. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2025.2500974. Epub 2025 Jul 11.
Balance ability is a crucial component of human motor function, essential for maintaining postural stability in both static and dynamic conditions. It plays a fundamental role in everyday activities such as standing and walking, as well as in sports performance and injury prevention. To examine the comparative effects of static stretching (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on balance performance in healthy adults using meta-analysis. Following PRISMA and PERSIST guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in July 2024 across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for randomised controlled trials evaluating the impact of SS and DS on balance outcomes. Fourteen studies involving 346 participants met the inclusion criteria. The primary analysis indicated that SS significantly impaired static balance compared to DS (effect size = -0.05). No significant differences were observed for dynamic balance or centre of pressure (COP). Meta-regression identified stretching duration as a significant source of heterogeneity, with durations between 20 and 200 s associated with better balance outcomes. A visual distribution of effect sizes further supported this optimal duration range for static balance enhancement. Dynamic stretching is more effective than static stretching for improving static balance in healthy adults. Stretching duration plays a critical role, and optimising both the type and timing of stretching interventions may enhance balance performance in athletic and clinical populations.
平衡能力是人体运动功能的关键组成部分，对于在静态和动态条件下维持姿势稳定性至关重要。它在站立和行走等日常活动以及运动表现和预防损伤方面发挥着重要作用。为了使用荟萃分析研究静态拉伸（SS）和动态拉伸（DS）对健康成年人平衡能力的比较影响。遵循PRISMA和PERSIST指南，于2024年7月在PubMed、科学网、Cochrane、Embase、EBSCO和中国知网（CNKI）数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，以查找评估SS和DS对平衡结果影响的随机对照试验。十四项涉及346名参与者的研究符合纳入标准。初步分析表明，与DS相比，SS显著损害了静态平衡（效应量=-0.05）。在动态平衡或压力中心（COP）方面未观察到显著差异。元回归确定拉伸持续时间是异质性的一个重要来源，20至200秒的持续时间与更好的平衡结果相关。效应量的直观分布进一步支持了这个增强静态平衡的最佳持续时间范围。对于改善健康成年人的静态平衡，动态拉伸比静态拉伸更有效。拉伸持续时间起着关键作用，优化拉伸干预的类型和时机可能会提高运动员和临床人群的平衡能力。
