Langen Katharina Antonia, Brasch Jochen
Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2025 Jul 9. doi: 10.1007/s00105-025-05524-x.
Zoophilic dermatophytes are fungi that mainly infect animals, but can also be transmitted to humans. Transmission usually occurs through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated materials such as animal hair, blankets or brushes. Zoophilic dermatophytes cause classic symptoms of tinea infections in humans: ring-shaped, reddened skin lesions with scaly edges and central paling. The inflammatory reaction is usually stronger with zoophilic pathogens than with anthropophilic fungi because the human defense system recognizes them as foreign more clearly. Children, animal owners, farmers or veterinarians are affected most frequently. Diagnosis is made by microscopic examination and fungal culture, and molecular diagnostics if necessary. Treatment requires topical antimycotics and in case of extensive or deep infections additional systemic therapy, e.g., with terbinafine or itraconazole. Simultaneous treatment of the infected animal and prevention of transmission is crucial to prevent reinfection. Hygiene measures and education are key prevention strategies.
亲动物性皮肤癣菌是主要感染动物，但也可传播给人类的真菌。传播通常通过直接接触受感染的动物或受污染的材料，如动物毛发、毯子或刷子而发生。亲动物性皮肤癣菌会在人类身上引发典型的癣感染症状：边缘有鳞屑且中央变淡的环形、发红皮肤病变。亲动物性病原体引发的炎症反应通常比亲人性真菌更强，因为人体防御系统能更清楚地将它们识别为外来物。儿童、动物主人、农民或兽医受影响最为频繁。通过显微镜检查和真菌培养进行诊断，必要时进行分子诊断。治疗需要外用抗真菌药，对于广泛或深部感染，还需额外进行全身治疗，例如使用特比萘芬或伊曲康唑。同时治疗受感染的动物并预防传播对于防止再次感染至关重要。卫生措施和教育是关键的预防策略。
