Mazziotta Adriano, Eyvindson Kyle, Cours Jérémy, Duflot Rémi, Repo Anna, Selkimäki Mari, Takala Tuomo, Triviño María, Mönkkönen Mikko
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland.
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), As, Norway.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Sep;391:126482. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126482. Epub 2025 Jul 10.
Decisions made by forest owners impact the forest's ability to provide multiple ecosystem services. In Fennoscandia, production forests are primarily managed by hundreds of thousands of private owners with diverse preferences towards provision of wood, non-wood timber products, aesthetic value, carbon cycling and biodiversity conservation. Despite the key role of owners in shaping forest landscapes, studies exploring sustainable forest planning often ignore owner preferences when assessing future scenarios. We aim to explore how forest ownership structure can affect forest multifunctionality at landscape level. Using a multiobjective forest planning tool, we explored (1) how owner preferences affect a forest's capacity to supply multiple ecosystem services, and how integrating preference information into the optimization affects (2) forest management and (3) the synergies and trade-offs between owner priorities. We compared a landscape-level management scenario maximizing sustained yield with holding-level scenarios meeting forest owner preferences. We classified owner preferences for different objectives into six broad categories based on published surveys. Specific owner-level preferences were assigned to holdings through a Monte-Carlo approach. Maximizing sustained yield contributed to wood provisioning and a selection of non-wood ecosystem services. In this case management was oriented to rotation forestry, which created strong trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services. Including forest owner preferences in the optimization problem resulted in economic loss but improved biodiversity and carbon cycling. Forest management was less intensive, oriented towards set-aside and continuous cover forestry. The synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services depended on the owner priorities. Accounting for owner preferences supports integration of sectorial forest policies.
森林所有者做出的决策会影响森林提供多种生态系统服务的能力。在芬兰斯堪的纳维亚地区，生产性森林主要由数十万私人所有者管理，他们在木材供应、非木材林产品、美学价值、碳循环和生物多样性保护等方面有着不同的偏好。尽管所有者在塑造森林景观方面起着关键作用，但在评估未来情景时，探索可持续森林规划的研究往往忽视所有者的偏好。我们旨在探讨森林所有权结构如何在景观层面影响森林多功能性。使用多目标森林规划工具，我们研究了：（1）所有者偏好如何影响森林提供多种生态系统服务的能力，以及将偏好信息纳入优化过程如何影响（2）森林管理，以及（3）所有者优先事项之间的协同作用和权衡。我们将景观层面最大化持续产量的管理情景与满足森林所有者偏好的林分层面情景进行了比较。根据已发表的调查，我们将所有者对不同目标的偏好分为六大类。通过蒙特卡罗方法将特定的所有者层面偏好分配到各个林分。最大化持续产量有助于木材供应和一些非木材生态系统服务的提供。在这种情况下，管理以轮伐期林业为导向，这在多种生态系统服务之间造成了强烈的权衡。在优化问题中纳入森林所有者偏好会导致经济损失，但能改善生物多样性和碳循环。森林管理强度较低，以预留地和连续覆盖林业为导向。生态系统服务之间的协同作用和权衡取决于所有者的优先事项。考虑所有者偏好有助于部门森林政策的整合。
