Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK; Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Aug 15;292:112857. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112857. Epub 2021 May 26.
Human attitudes and behaviours have been linked to the degradation of global biodiversity, particularly forest ecosystems. Indeed, effective conservation actions require that the attitudes and behaviours of affected individuals and communities are taken into account. While several studies have examined how human attitudes and behaviours affect conservation, it is still unclear which, and how, human value orientations influence conservation attitudes and behaviour. This is critical because attitudes and behaviours are underpinned by the complex concept of human values. Thus, effective management and conservation of environmental resources requires an in-depth knowledge and understanding of these values, and how they affect attitudinal and behavioural preferences towards the natural environment and their protection. Here we review the human value orientations influencing people's attitudes and behaviours towards forest conservation, and discuss how conservation projects can be more successful by aligning their goals and operations to people's values. To do this, we carried out a scoping review, using the sub-Saharan Africa region as a case study, and followed the PRISMA-ScR systematic review guidelines. A narrative synthesis was adopted for data analysis. We identified different value types that fall within three broad human value orientation domains influencing forest conservation attitudes and behaviours. Anthropocentric and relational value orientations emerged as most dominant, with both positive and negative influences on a number of forest conservation attitudes and behaviours, albeit with more evidence for positive influence. The positive attitudes and behaviours were linked to utilitarian motivations and cultural beliefs and include rural support for conservation, compliance to forest rules, sustainable forest use, and participation in forest management. The values linked to dependence on forest resources, low benefits from conservation, and conservation costs, tend to trigger negative conservation attitudes and behaviours. To effectively achieve forest conservation goals, environmental managers, conservationists, and decision-makers should understand the extent and directional influence of value orientations on conservation attitudes and behaviours.
人类的态度和行为与全球生物多样性的退化有关，尤其是森林生态系统。事实上，有效的保护行动需要考虑到受影响的个人和社区的态度和行为。尽管已经有多项研究探讨了人类的态度和行为如何影响保护，但人类价值观取向如何以及如何影响保护态度和行为仍不清楚。这是至关重要的，因为态度和行为是由复杂的人类价值观概念所支撑的。因此，有效管理和保护环境资源需要深入了解和理解这些价值观，以及它们如何影响人们对自然环境及其保护的态度和行为偏好。在这里，我们回顾了影响人们对森林保护的态度和行为的人类价值观取向，并讨论了如何通过将保护项目的目标和行动与人们的价值观相协调来使其更加成功。为此，我们进行了范围界定审查，以撒哈拉以南非洲地区为例，并遵循 PRISMA-ScR 系统评价指南。采用叙述性综合分析进行数据分析。我们确定了不同的价值类型，这些类型属于影响森林保护态度和行为的三个广泛的人类价值观取向领域。人类中心主义和关系价值观取向最为突出，对许多森林保护态度和行为产生了积极和消极的影响，尽管更多的证据表明是积极的影响。积极的态度和行为与功利主义动机和文化信仰有关，包括农村对保护的支持、遵守森林规则、可持续的森林利用以及参与森林管理。与依赖森林资源、从保护中获得的低收益以及保护成本相关的价值观往往会引发消极的保护态度和行为。为了有效实现森林保护目标，环境管理者、保护主义者和决策者应该了解价值观取向对保护态度和行为的影响程度和方向。
