Luo Yuanyuan, Cao Yingying, Pan Xinliang, Li Shuairan, Koh Denise, Shi Yan
Dazhou College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dazhou, China.
Centre for Community Education and Well-being, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 11;15(1):25151. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10393-4.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of stroboscopic training on sport-specific performance in collegiate athletes and examined the moderating influence of key training parameters. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis, with separate analyses conducted for time-based and accuracy-based performance measures. Subgroup analyses investigated the moderating effects of training duration, frequency, session length, strobe frequency, duty cycle, athlete age, and training experience. Twelve randomized controlled trials involving 415 athletes met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that stroboscopic training had significant moderate effects on both time-based outcomes (SMD = -0.61, p = 0.045) and accuracy-based outcomes (SMD = 0.73, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses suggested that training protocols lasting 6-10 weeks, with 2-3 sessions per week and 10-20 min per session, were more effective in enhancing overall athletic performance. In terms of strobe parameters, frequencies of 5-20 Hz and duty cycles of 50-70% and 10-50% were associated with greater improvements in accuracy-based and time-based outcomes, respectively. Furthermore, adolescent athletes (10-18 years) exhibited more substantial gains in time-based performance, while those with 4-8 years of training experience achieved the greatest overall improvements. Stroboscopic training effectively enhances sport-specific performance in collegiate athletes. Protocols of 6-10 weeks, incorporating 2-3 weekly sessions of 10-20 min and strobe frequencies of 5-20 Hz, appear to provide the most comprehensive benefits. Optimal duty cycles may differ depending on performance type-50-70% for time-based outcomes and 10-50% for accuracy-based outcomes. These findings offer preliminary guidance for the practical application of stroboscopic training in athletic populations. However, given the limitations in study quality and sample size, further research is warranted to identify the most effective training configurations.
本系统评价和荟萃分析评估了频闪训练对大学生运动员专项运动表现的影响，并考察了关键训练参数的调节作用。在多个数据库中进行了全面的文献检索。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。荟萃分析采用随机效应模型，对基于时间和基于准确性的表现指标分别进行分析。亚组分析研究了训练持续时间、频率、每次训练时长、频闪频率、占空比、运动员年龄和训练经验的调节作用。12项涉及415名运动员的随机对照试验符合纳入标准。荟萃分析表明，频闪训练对基于时间的结果（标准化均数差=-0.61，p=0.045）和基于准确性的结果（标准化均数差=0.73，p<0.01）均有显著的中度影响。亚组分析表明，持续6至10周、每周2至3次训练、每次训练10至20分钟的训练方案在提高整体运动表现方面更有效。在频闪参数方面，5至20赫兹的频率以及50%至70%和10%至50%的占空比分别与基于准确性和基于时间的结果的更大改善相关。此外，青少年运动员（10至18岁）在基于时间表现方面的提升更为显著，而有4至8年训练经验的运动员在整体上取得了最大的进步。频闪训练有效地提高了大学生运动员的专项运动表现。6至10周的训练方案，包括每周2至3次每次10至20分钟的训练以及5至20赫兹的频闪频率，似乎能提供最全面的益处。最佳占空比可能因表现类型而异——基于时间的结果为50%至70%；基于准确性的结果为10%至50%。这些发现为频闪训练在运动员群体中的实际应用提供了初步指导。然而，鉴于研究质量和样本量的局限性，有必要进一步研究以确定最有效的训练配置。
