Senica Mateja, Mlinšek Gregor, Rusjan Denis, Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja
Chair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Center for Kidney Transplantation, Department of Nephrology, University Medicinal Center Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Foods. 2025 Jun 30;14(13):2325. doi: 10.3390/foods14132325.
People have long been interested in plants rich in secondary metabolites and have tried to isolate them outside the plants. Purple coneflower is a crucial medicinal plant, known for its broad spectrum of bioactive substances. The type of solvent and the duration of maceration had an important impact on the phenolic level of purple coneflower leaves, flowers and roots. The flowers and leaves had a significantly higher phenolic concentration than the roots. The results of this study show the importance of stabilizing and regulating the polarity of the solvent and the duration of maceration to obtain the highest yield of phenolics from purple coneflower. The greatest yield of phenolics was gained with two natural extraction solvents, 5% acetic acid and glycerol, after 3 days of maceration, yielding (1696.05 mg 100 g DW) and (2796.94 mg 100 g DW) from the flowers of purple coneflower, respectively. For purple coneflower leaves and roots, the best extraction method was 40% ethanol after 3 days of maceration, and the total content analyzed was 1022.43 mg 100 g DW and 1011.32 mg 100 g DW, respectively. Different phenolics respond significantly to different maceration factors, but the best product from the flowers of purple coneflower is glycerol extract after 9 days of maceration. From the leaves of purple coneflower, we obtained the highest phenolic yield when producing extract in glycerol, a 40% ethanol tincture, or an acetic acid product after 3 days of maceration.
长期以来，人们一直对富含次生代谢产物的植物感兴趣，并试图在植物体外分离这些物质。紫锥菊是一种重要的药用植物，以其广泛的生物活性物质而闻名。溶剂类型和浸渍时间对紫锥菊的叶、花和根中的酚类含量有重要影响。花和叶中的酚类浓度明显高于根。本研究结果表明，稳定和调节溶剂极性以及浸渍时间对于从紫锥菊中获得最高酚类产量至关重要。在浸渍3天后，使用两种天然提取溶剂5%乙酸和甘油可获得最高的酚类产量，紫锥菊花分别产生（1696.05毫克/100克干重）和（2796.94毫克/100克干重）。对于紫锥菊的叶和根，最佳提取方法是浸渍3天后使用40%乙醇，分析的总含量分别为1022.43毫克/100克干重和1011.32毫克/100克干重。不同的酚类对不同的浸渍因素有显著反应，但紫锥菊花的最佳产品是浸渍9天后的甘油提取物。从紫锥菊的叶中，在浸渍3天后用甘油、40%乙醇酊剂或乙酸产品制备提取物时，我们获得了最高的酚类产量。
