da Rosa Carolini Esmeriz, Pinilla Cristian Mauricio Barreto, Toss Luiza Dalpiccoli, Brandelli Adriano
Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil.
Dairy Technology Center, Institute of Food Technology, Campinas 13083-015, Brazil.
Foods. 2025 Jun 30;14(13):2334. doi: 10.3390/foods14132334.
Spore-forming have been explored due to their potential biotechnological features and applications in human health and functional food research. This study focuses on the genetic and phenotypical characterization of the functional probiotic properties of P45, a strain isolated from fish intestines. P45 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and demonstrated strong autoaggregation and biofilm formation properties in vitro. The strain also showed tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions and ability to metabolize and adhere to mucin. In silico analysis confirmed the absence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes, reinforcing its safety as a probiotic candidate. Genome mining revealed the presence of genes related to adhesion, such as fibronectin-binding protein and enolases, and for the synthesis of secondary metabolites, including the antimicrobial lipopeptides fengycin, surfactin, and bacillibactin. In addition, phylogenetic comparison using the () gene associated with gut adhesion clustered strain P45 with other probiotic and strains, while separating it from pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the strain P45 could be a valuable candidate as a probiotic due to its functional properties and safety.
由于其潜在的生物技术特性以及在人类健康和功能性食品研究中的应用，产芽孢菌已得到研究。本研究聚焦于从鱼肠道分离出的P45菌株功能益生菌特性的遗传和表型特征。P45对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性病原体均表现出抗菌活性，并在体外展现出强大的自聚集和生物膜形成特性。该菌株还表现出对胃肠道环境的耐受性以及代谢和黏附黏蛋白的能力。计算机分析证实其不存在毒力因子和抗生素抗性基因，增强了其作为益生菌候选菌株的安全性。基因组挖掘揭示了与黏附相关的基因，如纤连蛋白结合蛋白和烯醇酶，以及参与次级代谢产物合成的基因，包括抗菌脂肽丰原素、表面活性素和杆菌素。此外，使用与肠道黏附相关的（）基因进行的系统发育比较将P45菌株与其他益生菌和菌株聚类在一起，同时将其与病原菌区分开来。因此，P45菌株因其功能特性和安全性，可能是一种有价值的益生菌候选菌株。
