Yao Jingyu, Liu Zhenya, Yu Junbao, Zhang Yun, Xu Rui, Li Jiahua, Xu Yang, Sun Mei
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation, Restoration and Ecological Services, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650228, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 7;14(13):2072. doi: 10.3390/plants14132072.
[Background] is a perennial floating leaf aquatic plant with high ecological protection value and potential for economic development, and thus, its endangered mechanisms are of great concern. The rapid endangerment of this species in modern times may be primarily attributed to the deterioration of water and soil environmental conditions, as its growth relies on high-quality water and soil. [Objective] Exploring the responses of to water and soil conditions from the perspective of functional traits is of great significance for understanding its endangered mechanisms and implementing effective conservation strategies. [Methods] This study was conducted in the Tengchong Beihai Wetland, which has the largest natural habitat of in China. By measuring the key functional traits of and detecting the water and soil parameters at the collecting sites, the responses of these functional traits to the water and soil conditions have been investigated. [Results] (1) The growth status of affects the expression of its functional traits. Compared with sporadic distribution, in continuous patches have significantly higher stomatal conductance, intercellular CO concentration, transpiration rate, and vein density, while these plants have significantly smaller leaf area and perimeter. (2) Good water quality directly promotes photosynthetic, morphological, and structural traits. However, high soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents can inhibit the photosynthetic rate. The net photosynthetic rate is significantly positively correlated with dissolved oxygen content, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen contents in the water, as well as the magnesium, zinc, and silicon contents in the soil. In contrast, the net photosynthetic rate is significantly negatively correlated with the total phosphorus content in water and the total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus content in the soil. (3) Leaf area and perimeter show positive correlations with various water parameters, including the depth, temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen content, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen content, yet they are negatively correlated with total phosphorus content, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, and permanganate index of water. [Conclusions] This study supports the idea that thrives in oligotrophic water environments, while the notion that fertile soil is required for its growth still needs to be investigated more thoroughly.
[背景] 是一种多年生浮叶水生植物，具有很高的生态保护价值和经济发展潜力，因此，其濒危机制备受关注。该物种在现代迅速濒危，可能主要归因于水土环境条件的恶化，因为其生长依赖于优质的水和土壤。[目的] 从功能性状的角度探索 对水土条件的响应，对于理解其濒危机制和实施有效的保护策略具有重要意义。[方法] 本研究在腾冲北海湿地进行，该湿地拥有中国最大的 的自然栖息地。通过测量 的关键功能性状并检测采集地点的水土参数，研究了这些功能性状对水土条件的响应。[结果]（1）的生长状况影响其功能性状的表达。与零星分布相比，连续斑块中的 气孔导度、细胞间CO浓度、蒸腾速率和叶脉密度显著更高，而这些植株的叶面积和周长显著更小。（2）良好的水质直接促进光合、形态和结构性状。然而，高土壤碳、氮、磷含量会抑制光合速率。净光合速率与水中溶解氧含量、pH值、氨氮和硝酸盐氮含量以及土壤中镁、锌和硅含量显著正相关。相反，净光合速率与水中总磷含量以及土壤中总碳、总氮和总磷含量显著负相关。（3）叶面积和周长与各种水参数呈正相关，包括深度、温度、pH值、溶解氧含量、铵氮和硝酸盐氮含量，但它们与水的总磷含量、化学需氧量、生化需氧量和高锰酸盐指数呈负相关。[结论] 本研究支持 在贫营养水环境中生长良好的观点，而其生长需要肥沃土壤的观点仍需更深入研究。
