Dai Shu, Liang Lei, Jiang Ke, Wang Hui, Zhong Chengyi
National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 20;25(13):3840. doi: 10.3390/s25133840.
Accurate measurement of pipeline flow is of great significance for industrial and environmental monitoring. Traditional intrusive methods have the disadvantages of high cost and damage to pipeline structure, while non-intrusive techniques can circumvent such issues. Although Taylor's frozen hypothesis has a theoretical advantage in non-intrusive velocity detection, current research focuses on planar flow fields, and its applicability in turbulent circular pipes remains controversial. Moreover, there is no precedent for combining it with distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology. This paper constructs a circular pipe turbulence model through large eddy simulation (LES), revealing the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy and the energy propagation rules of FK spectra. It proposes a dispersion feature enhancement algorithm based on cross-correlation, which combines a rotatable elliptical template with normalized cross-correlation coefficients to suppress interference from non-target directions. An experimental circulating pipeline DAS measurement system was set up to complete signal denoising and compare two principles of flow velocity verification. The results show that the vortex structure of turbulent flow in circular pipes remains stable in the convection direction, conforming to theoretical premises; the relative error of average flow velocity by this method is ≤3%, with significant improvements in accuracy and stability in high-flow zones. This study provides innovative methods and experimental basis for non-intrusive flow detection using DAS.
准确测量管道流量对工业和环境监测具有重要意义。传统的侵入式方法存在成本高和损坏管道结构的缺点,而非侵入式技术可以规避这些问题。虽然泰勒冻结假说在非侵入式速度检测方面具有理论优势,但目前的研究主要集中在平面流场,其在湍流圆形管道中的适用性仍存在争议。此外,将其与分布式声学传感(DAS)技术相结合尚无先例。本文通过大涡模拟(LES)构建了圆形管道湍流模型,揭示了湍动能的时空分布特征和FK谱的能量传播规律。提出了一种基于互相关的色散特征增强算法,该算法将可旋转椭圆模板与归一化互相关系数相结合,以抑制非目标方向的干扰。建立了实验循环管道DAS测量系统,完成信号去噪并比较了两种流速验证原理。结果表明,圆形管道中湍流的涡旋结构在对流方向上保持稳定,符合理论前提;该方法平均流速的相对误差≤3%,在高流量区域的精度和稳定性有显著提高。本研究为利用DAS进行非侵入式流量检测提供了创新方法和实验依据。