Wang Shengjie, Yang Xiaojia, Su Donglin, Cao Weiqi, Zhang Xianhao
The Key Laboratory of Flight Techniques and Flight Safety, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China.
The Second Research Institute of CAAC, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 20;25(13):3852. doi: 10.3390/s25133852.
High-resolution 3D visualization of dynamic environments is critical for applications such as remote sensing. Traditional 3D imaging systems, such as lidar, rely on avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays to determine the flight time of light for each scene pixel. In this context, we introduce and demonstrate a high-resolution 3D imaging approach leveraging an Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD). This sensor's low bandwidth properties allow for the use of electro-optic modulators to achieve both temporal resolution and rapid shuttering at sub-nanosecond speeds. This enables range-gated 3D imaging, which significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) within our proposed framework. By employing a dual EMCCD setup, it is possible to reconstruct both a depth image and a grayscale image from a single raw data frame, thereby improving dynamic imaging capabilities, irrespective of object or platform movement. Additionally, the adaptive gate-opening range technology can further refine the range resolution of specific scene objects to as low as 10 cm.
动态环境的高分辨率3D可视化对于诸如遥感等应用至关重要。传统的3D成像系统，如激光雷达，依靠雪崩光电二极管（APD）阵列来确定每个场景像素的光飞行时间。在此背景下，我们引入并演示了一种利用电子倍增电荷耦合器件（EMCCD）的高分辨率3D成像方法。该传感器的低带宽特性允许使用电光调制器以亚纳秒速度实现时间分辨率和快速快门。这实现了距离选通3D成像，在我们提出的框架内显著提高了信噪比（SNR）。通过采用双EMCCD设置，可以从单个原始数据帧重建深度图像和灰度图像，从而提高动态成像能力，而不管物体或平台的移动情况如何。此外，自适应门打开范围技术可以将特定场景物体的距离分辨率进一步细化至低至10厘米。
