Kobayashi Takato, Jadram Narumon, Ninomiya Shukuka, Suzuki Kazuhiro, Sugaya Midori
Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan.
Nomura Co., Ltd., Tokyo 100-8130, Japan.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 30;25(13):4097. doi: 10.3390/s25134097.
In recent years, the application of virtual reality (VR) for spatial evaluation has gained traction in the fields of architecture and interior design. However, for VR to serve as a viable substitute for real-world environments, it is essential that experiences within VR elicit emotional responses comparable to those evoked by actual spaces. Despite this prerequisite, there remains a paucity of studies that objectively compare and evaluate the emotional responses elicited by VR and real-world environments. Consequently, it is not yet fully understood whether VR can reliably replicate the emotional experiences induced by physical spaces. This study aims to investigate the influence of presentation modality on emotional responses by comparing a VR space and a real-world space with identical designs. The comparison was conducted using both subjective evaluations (Semantic Differential method) and physiological indices (electroencephalography and heart rate variability). The results indicated that the real-world environment was associated with impressions of comfort and preference, whereas the VR environment evoked impressions characterized by heightened arousal. Additionally, elevated beta wave activity and increased beta/alpha ratios were observed in the VR condition, suggesting a state of high arousal, as further supported by positioning on the Emotion Map. Moreover, analysis of pNN50 revealed a transient increase in parasympathetic nervous activity during the VR experience. This study is positioned as a pilot investigation to explore physiological and emotional differences between VR and real spaces.
近年来，虚拟现实（VR）在空间评估中的应用在建筑和室内设计领域受到了广泛关注。然而，要使VR成为现实世界环境的可行替代方案，VR中的体验引发的情感反应必须与实际空间所引发的情感反应相当。尽管有这一前提条件，但客观比较和评估VR与现实世界环境所引发的情感反应的研究仍然很少。因此，VR是否能够可靠地复制物理空间所引发的情感体验尚未得到充分理解。本研究旨在通过比较设计相同的VR空间和现实世界空间，探讨呈现方式对情感反应的影响。使用主观评价（语义差异法）和生理指标（脑电图和心率变异性）进行比较。结果表明，现实世界环境与舒适和偏好的印象相关，而VR环境引发的印象则以兴奋程度提高为特征。此外，在VR条件下观察到β波活动增强和β/α比值增加，这表明处于高度兴奋状态，情感地图上的定位进一步支持了这一点。此外，对pNN50的分析显示，在VR体验期间副交感神经活动短暂增加。本研究被定位为一项探索VR与真实空间之间生理和情感差异的初步调查。
