Moum Bjørn, Lindgren Stefan
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Research Department, Østfold Hospital Trust Kalnes, 1714 Grålum, Norway.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 26;14(13):4519. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134519.
Iron has many important functions related to energy metabolism. However, hemoglobin synthesis is always a priority. Iron deficiency can be caused by increased loss, insufficient intake, or decreased absorption from the intestine and reduced release from depots in systemic inflammation. Anemia appears when stores are depleted or when utilization of iron from the stores is impaired. Treatment with oral iron is the first choice when the intestine is healthy, and the patient is free of inflammation. Intravenous iron is indicated when oral iron is ineffective or not tolerated and if more rapid correction is clinically indicated as in severe anemia not requiring transfusion.
铁在能量代谢方面有许多重要功能。然而，血红蛋白的合成始终是优先事项。缺铁可能由铁流失增加、摄入不足、肠道吸收减少以及全身性炎症时储存铁的释放减少引起。当储存铁耗尽或储存铁的利用受损时就会出现贫血。当肠道健康且患者无炎症时，口服铁剂治疗是首选。当口服铁剂无效或无法耐受，以及临床上需要更快速纠正（如在不需要输血的严重贫血中）时，则需使用静脉铁剂。
