Rzewuska-Fijałkowska Anna, Kwaśniewski Wojciech, Gęca Tomasz
Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jun 26;14(13):4520. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134520.
The Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) 19 subfamily plays a key role in the regulation of metabolic and growth processes, and their dysregulation can lead to fetal growth disorders, such as small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA), as well as to pathogenesis and development of gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension. We conducted a narrative review using the PRISMA2020 statement. Two electronic databases were searched: PubMed and Web of Science until October 2024. The search terms were as follows: (FGF-21 OR fibroblast growth factor-21 OR FGF-23 OR fibroblast growth factor-23 OR FGF-19 OR fibroblast growth factor-19) AND (human fetus development OR fetal growth OR infancy). We only included original papers that analysed the effect of FGF-19,21,23 on pre- and postnatal development. Only 6 out of 203 studies met the inclusion criteria. There were higher concentrations of FGF-21 among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to healthy females, but no differences were found in FGF-21 values in newborn's umbilical cord blood. Interestingly, higher FGF-21 concentrations were observed in females than males born to patients with GDM. FGF-19 was linked to fetal development by its association with chronic insulin secretion levels during fetal life, particularly in female newborns, but no significant correlation with GDM was found. The evaluation of the role of FGF-23 has shown that its low level could be related to gestational hypertension and fetal growth restriction. In conclusion, all the studies discussed suggest that FGF-19 subfamily factors may play an important role in fetal and neonatal growth and development, particularly in pregnancies complicated by metabolic disorders, such as gestational diabetes or gestational hypertension. Differences in FGF-19 and FGF-21 concentrations based on gender and gestational disorders suggest the need for further research in order to fully understand the effects of these proteins and their potential clinical applications.
成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）19亚家族在代谢和生长过程的调节中起关键作用，其失调可导致胎儿生长障碍，如小于胎龄儿（SGA）和大于胎龄儿（LGA），以及妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期高血压的发病机制和发展。我们使用PRISMA2020声明进行了一项叙述性综述。检索了两个电子数据库：截至2024年10月的PubMed和科学网。检索词如下：（FGF - 21或成纤维细胞生长因子 - 21或FGF - 23或成纤维细胞生长因子 - 23或FGF - 19或成纤维细胞生长因子 - 19）以及（人类胎儿发育或胎儿生长或婴儿期）。我们仅纳入了分析FGF - 19、21、23对产前和产后发育影响的原始论文。203项研究中只有6项符合纳入标准。与健康女性相比，妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者中FGF - 21浓度更高，但新生儿脐带血中FGF - 21值未发现差异。有趣的是，GDM患者所生的女性新生儿中FGF - 21浓度高于男性。FGF - 19通过其与胎儿期慢性胰岛素分泌水平的关联与胎儿发育相关，特别是在女性新生儿中，但未发现与GDM有显著相关性。对FGF - 23作用的评估表明，其低水平可能与妊娠期高血压和胎儿生长受限有关。总之，所有讨论的研究表明，FGF - 19亚家族因子可能在胎儿和新生儿生长发育中起重要作用，特别是在并发代谢紊乱的妊娠中，如妊娠期糖尿病或妊娠期高血压。基于性别和妊娠疾病的FGF - 19和FGF - 21浓度差异表明，需要进一步研究以充分了解这些蛋白质的作用及其潜在的临床应用。
Zotero 插件