Babu Reshma Susan, Jurgoński Adam
Biological Function of Food Team, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trylińskiego 18 Str., 10-683 Olsztyn, Poland.
Molecules. 2025 Jun 25;30(13):2738. doi: 10.3390/molecules30132738.
Camelina seeds are rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), but also contain small amounts of erucic acid, which is considered toxic to laboratory rats. This experiment compares the dietary inclusion of camelina oil to that of flaxseed oil, a well-known source of ALA, and evaluates their effects on the nutritional and metabolic status of growing rats. The oils were chemically analyzed and incorporated into a semi-purified diet for 4 weeks. The experiment was divided into 3 groups: PO (control-fed palm oil with a trace of ALA), FO (comparative-fed flaxseed oil), and CO (experimental-fed camelina seed oil). Both CO and FO showed a higher percentage of lean body mass, greater lean mass gain, and a lower fat percentage compared to PO. Similar to the body composition, the blood lipid profile also improved in CO and FO, with higher HDL cholesterol and lower triglyceride levels, which was associated with upregulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene. However, in FO and CO, higher plasma liver enzyme activity and malondialdehyde concentrations were observed in the heart and liver. The results suggest that camelina oil has a similarly beneficial impact on the metabolic processes of the growing body as flaxseed oil, while also indicating a potential for increased organ-specific lipid peroxidation and hepatic burden when consumed in excess.
荠蓝籽富含α-亚麻酸（ALA），但也含有少量芥酸，而芥酸被认为对实验大鼠有毒。本实验比较了在日粮中添加荠蓝油与亚麻籽油（一种著名的ALA来源）的情况，并评估它们对生长中大鼠营养和代谢状况的影响。对这些油进行了化学分析，并将其添加到半纯化日粮中持续4周。实验分为3组：PO组（对照饲喂含微量ALA的棕榈油）、FO组（比较饲喂亚麻籽油）和CO组（实验饲喂荠蓝籽油）。与PO组相比，CO组和FO组的瘦体重百分比更高，瘦体重增加更多，脂肪百分比更低。与身体组成情况类似，CO组和FO组的血脂谱也有所改善，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更高，甘油三酯水平更低，这与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体基因的上调有关。然而，在FO组和CO组中，心脏和肝脏中的血浆肝酶活性和丙二醛浓度更高。结果表明，荠蓝油对生长中身体的代谢过程具有与亚麻籽油类似的有益影响，同时也表明过量食用时存在器官特异性脂质过氧化增加和肝脏负担加重的可能性。
