Dzwierzynska Jolanta, Szewczyk Anna, Gotkowska Ewelina
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jun 29;18(13):3083. doi: 10.3390/ma18133083.
Rapid urbanization, excessive motorization, and the imperative to reduce carbon footprints are driving the search for sustainable urban space solutions. One promising approach involves the effective design of small-scale architecture, such as parking shelters, optimized for structural material consumption and resilience to vehicle impacts. This research employed a novel approach during the initial design phase. Genetic algorithms and optimization techniques were utilized to define the optimal geometries of steel structures, focusing on the height of the conoidal roof and the shape and arrangement of columns. The subsequent analysis included static and strength calculations, dimensioning, and evaluating structural responses to exceptional loading, incorporating novel impact scenarios. The analysis yielded several key insights into the structural efficiency, dynamic behavior, and design optimization of the shelters. The research revealed that both roof geometry and column shape and arrangement significantly influenced material consumption and design effectiveness. The findings indicated that shelters with four straight, vertical, non-corner columns exhibited the most favorable dynamic behavior and highest impact resistance. These shelters also facilitated easy parking for both single-module and double-module roof types. The research findings provide a foundation for the parametric design of functional and structurally resilient parking shelters that cater to urban transportation needs and ecological objectives.
快速城市化、过度机动化以及减少碳足迹的迫切需求，正推动着人们寻找可持续的城市空间解决方案。一种有前景的方法涉及对小型建筑进行有效设计，比如停车棚，使其在结构材料消耗和抵御车辆撞击方面达到优化。本研究在初始设计阶段采用了一种新颖的方法。利用遗传算法和优化技术来确定钢结构的最佳几何形状，重点关注圆锥屋顶的高度以及立柱的形状和布置。随后的分析包括静力和强度计算、尺寸确定以及评估结构在特殊荷载作用下的响应，其中纳入了新颖的撞击场景。该分析得出了关于停车棚结构效率、动态行为和设计优化的若干关键见解。研究表明，屋顶几何形状以及立柱形状和布置对材料消耗和设计有效性都有显著影响。研究结果表明，带有四根直的、垂直的、非拐角立柱的停车棚展现出最有利的动态行为和最高的抗撞击能力。这些停车棚还便于单模块和双模块屋顶类型的车辆轻松停放。研究结果为功能性和结构韧性俱佳、能满足城市交通需求和生态目标的停车棚参数化设计奠定了基础。
