Cui Bo, Zhou Peiqing, Lv You
College of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China.
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jul 7;18(13):3206. doi: 10.3390/ma18133206.
Laser cladding, a cutting-edge surface modification technique for metals, offers a novel approach to enhancing the wear and corrosion resistance of substrates due to its rapid heating and cooling capabilities, precise control over coating thickness and dilution rates, and non-contact processing characteristics. However, disparities in the physical properties between the coating material and the substrate, coupled with the improper utilization of process parameters, can lead to coating defects, thereby compromising the quality of the coating. This paper examines the effects of material systems and process parameters on laser cladding composite coatings and shows that cracking is mainly caused by thermal and residual stresses. This article summarizes the methods for crack improvement and prevention in five aspects: the selection of processes in the preparation stage, the application of auxiliary fields in the cladding process, heat treatment technology, the use of auxiliary software, and the search for new processes and new structural materials. Finally, the future development trends of laser cladding technology are presented.
激光熔覆作为一种先进的金属表面改性技术，因其具有快速加热和冷却能力、对涂层厚度和稀释率的精确控制以及非接触加工特性，为提高基体的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性提供了一种新方法。然而，涂层材料与基体之间物理性能的差异，再加上工艺参数使用不当，会导致涂层缺陷，从而影响涂层质量。本文研究了材料体系和工艺参数对激光熔覆复合涂层的影响，结果表明裂纹主要是由热应力和残余应力引起的。本文从制备阶段工艺的选择、熔覆过程中辅助场的应用、热处理技术、辅助软件的使用以及新工艺和新结构材料的探索五个方面总结了裂纹改善与预防方法。最后，介绍了激光熔覆技术的未来发展趋势。
