Gumul Dorota, Berski Wiktor, Ivanišová Eva, Oracz Joanna, Kruczek Marek
Department of Carbohydrate Technology and Cereal Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122 Str., 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2 Str., 94976 Nitra, Slovakia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jun 23;26(13):6020. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136020.
Pasta, due to its convenience, follows bread as the most common cereal product in the human diet. Typical wheat pasta is a high-energy product, since it contains a large amount of starch; at the same time, it is characterized by a low content of health-promoting ingredients, such as dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenols. Food industry by-products, or even waste, can be applied as a source of many bioactive substances, thus enriching pasta with bioactive ingredients. Two by-products, Cherry Pomace (CP) and Red Potato Pulp (RPP) were applied as health-promoting supplements for wheat pasta, at three levels (10, 20, and 30%). The antioxidant potential of the resulting pasta was examined (by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and FOMO methods), and the antioxidant's content was also tested. The amount of polyphenols determined by HPLC was higher in the case of CP than in RPP, and the main ones were 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid and Cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside in CP, whereas for RPP it was Pelargonidin 3-(4‴-p-coumaroylrutinoside)-5-glucoside. Fortified pasta samples were characterized by a higher content of total polyphenols and phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavanols, and anthocyanins. In pasta with a share of CP, some polyphenols were unstable during pasta production. Pasta with a share of CP was characterized by very high antioxidant activity due to a high level of phenolic acids and anthocyanins acting synergistically. It was also characterized by a higher content of phytosterols. A 30% addition of CP into pasta is considered the most beneficial in terms of increasing the health-promoting properties of such a product.
由于其便利性,面食仅次于面包,成为人类饮食中最常见的谷物产品。典型的小麦面食是一种高能量产品,因为它含有大量淀粉;与此同时,它的特点是促进健康的成分含量较低,如膳食纤维、矿物质、维生素和多酚。食品工业副产品甚至废料都可以作为许多生物活性物质的来源,从而使面食富含生物活性成分。两种副产品,樱桃果渣(CP)和红土豆浆(RPP),被用作小麦面食的健康促进补充剂,添加量为三个水平(10%、20%和30%)。检测了所得面食的抗氧化潜力(通过DPPH、ABTS、FRAP和FOMO方法),并测试了抗氧化剂的含量。通过HPLC测定,CP中的多酚含量高于RPP,CP中的主要多酚是5-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸和矢车菊素3-O-芸香糖苷,而RPP中的主要多酚是天竺葵素3-(4‴-对香豆酰芸香糖苷)-5-葡萄糖苷。强化面食样品的总多酚、酚酸、黄酮类、黄烷醇和花青素含量较高。在含有CP的面食中,一些多酚在面食生产过程中不稳定。含有CP的面食由于高水平的酚酸和花青素协同作用,具有非常高的抗氧化活性。它还具有较高的植物甾醇含量。就提高此类产品的健康促进特性而言,在面食中添加30%的CP被认为是最有益的。