Sutula Maxim, Gubaidullin Nurtai, Rakhimzhanova Aizhan, Manabayeva Shuga
Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jun 25;26(13):6091. doi: 10.3390/ijms26136091.
Throughout human history, wild plant resources have played an invaluable role, serving as critical sources of food, medicine, and industrial materials. This study examined the callus cultures of Y.C. Ma, a medicinal desert plant, by subjecting them to abiotic stress under controlled in vitro conditions. The secondary metabolite profiles were then analyzed using GC-MS and qTOF-UHPLC-MS. The GC-MS analysis revealed several bioactive compounds of pharmaceutical interest, such as γ-sitosterol and homovanillyl alcohol. PhGs, including echinacoside and salidroside, were quantified for the first time across 16 callus samples exposed to various stress treatments. The application of 0.1% NaCO for 50 days resulted in the highest accumulation of echinacoside (13,378.9 µg/mL), and heavy metal stress notably increased salidroside levels to 27.0 µg/mL. There was a clear correlation between callus pigmentation and metabolic activity: orange and white calli produced significantly more PhGs than dark calli. These results suggest that callus cultures could be a sustainable, controllable platform for producing high-value secondary metabolites. This reinforces the importance of wild plant resources in modern science and industry.
在人类历史进程中，野生植物资源发挥了不可估量的作用，作为食物、药物和工业原料的重要来源。本研究在可控的体外条件下对药用沙漠植物马氏沉香（Y.C. Ma）的愈伤组织培养物施加非生物胁迫，然后使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC-MS）和四极杆飞行时间超高效液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（qTOF-UHPLC-MS）分析其次生代谢产物谱。GC-MS分析揭示了几种具有药用价值的生物活性化合物，如γ-谷甾醇和高香草醇。首次对16个经各种胁迫处理的愈伤组织样品中的苯乙醇苷（PhGs）进行了定量分析，包括紫锥菊苷和红景天苷。施加0.1%碳酸钠50天导致紫锥菊苷积累量最高（13378.9μg/mL），重金属胁迫显著提高了红景天苷水平至27.0μg/mL。愈伤组织色素沉着与代谢活性之间存在明显相关性：橙色和白色愈伤组织产生的PhGs明显多于深色愈伤组织。这些结果表明，愈伤组织培养可能是生产高价值次生代谢产物的可持续、可控平台。这强化了野生植物资源在现代科学和工业中的重要性。
