Nelson W Bradley, Pfeifer Brandon S, Lovell Ashley R, Marchant Erik D, Mitchell Briell V, Atkinson Erin L, Murphy Trevor L, Poulsen Sydney L, Baird Jay R K, Hancock Chad R, Hyldahl Robert D
Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.
Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.
Physiol Rep. 2025 Jul;13(13):e70458. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70458.
The menstrual cycle influences function in various tissues in the body. We sought to determine if menstrual cycle phase could influence mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle in females. Twenty-nine females with regular menstrual cycles were randomized to have a vastus lateralis muscle biopsy during either the early follicular or luteal phase. High-resolution respirometry was used to determine mitochondrial respiration on permeabilized muscle fibers. Glutamate/malate LEAK respiration was significantly higher during the luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase. Glutamate/malate/succinate LEAK respiration was the same during both menstrual cycle phases, as was maximal coupled and uncoupled respiration. There were no differences in fatty acid-supported respiration. The fatty acid-supported coupling efficiency ratios of 1-OcM (octanoylcarnitine/malate) LEAK over maximal coupled respiration and 1-OcM LEAK over maximal uncoupled respiration were both significantly higher in mitochondria from the early follicular phase than in the luteal phase. Mitochondrial HO emission (glutamate/malate/succinate supported) was significantly increased in muscle from the early follicular phase. We detected no differences in mitochondrial content using citrate synthase activity between phases of the menstrual cycle. Collectively, our observations demonstrate a limited influence of the menstrual cycle on certain measures of submaximal respiration, coupling efficiencies, and HO emission.
月经周期会影响身体各个组织的功能。我们试图确定月经周期阶段是否会影响女性骨骼肌的线粒体功能。29名月经周期规律的女性被随机分为两组，分别在卵泡早期或黄体期进行股外侧肌活检。使用高分辨率呼吸测定法来测定通透化肌纤维的线粒体呼吸。与卵泡早期相比，黄体期的谷氨酸/苹果酸基础呼吸显著更高。在两个月经周期阶段，谷氨酸/苹果酸/琥珀酸基础呼吸相同，最大耦合呼吸和非耦合呼吸也相同。脂肪酸支持的呼吸没有差异。卵泡早期线粒体中，1-辛酰肉碱/苹果酸（1-OcM）基础呼吸与最大耦合呼吸的比值以及1-OcM基础呼吸与最大非耦合呼吸的比值，均显著高于黄体期。卵泡早期肌肉中，线粒体过氧化氢（HO）释放（谷氨酸/苹果酸/琥珀酸支持）显著增加。我们通过柠檬酸合酶活性检测到月经周期各阶段之间线粒体含量没有差异。总体而言，我们的观察结果表明月经周期对某些次最大呼吸、耦合效率和HO释放指标的影响有限。
