Gupta Rishibha, Gaur Smriti
Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2025;395:157-174. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.12.008. Epub 2025 Jan 26.
Microbes are major drivers of many important physiological pathways in the human body. A well-adapted and established microbial community at key body sites performs a wide range of functions, including digestive and immunological roles. However, the structure of these microbial communities depends on numerous factors, both genetic and external. Diet and lifestyle are the most common external factors influencing microbiome composition. A healthy diet and lifestyle promote the growth of beneficial microbes, while disturbances in these factors can alter the entire microbial dynamics, potentially leading to pathogenesis. These perturbations can occur at any stage of life, from birth to old age, and may result in serious clinical conditions such as obesity, diabetes, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and many others. Therefore, it is essential to identify the dietary and lifestyle factors that support a healthy microbiome and prevent dysbiosis. This chapter aims to discuss the role of various component of diet and life style that can ultimately shape the human microbiome.
微生物是人体许多重要生理途径的主要驱动因素。在关键身体部位适应良好且稳定的微生物群落发挥着广泛的功能，包括消化和免疫作用。然而，这些微生物群落的结构取决于众多遗传和外部因素。饮食和生活方式是影响微生物组组成的最常见外部因素。健康的饮食和生活方式促进有益微生物的生长，而这些因素的紊乱会改变整个微生物动态，可能导致发病。这些干扰可发生在从出生到老年的生命任何阶段，并可能导致严重的临床病症，如肥胖、糖尿病、癌症、代谢综合征等许多其他疾病。因此，确定支持健康微生物组并预防生态失调的饮食和生活方式因素至关重要。本章旨在讨论饮食和生活方式的各个组成部分最终如何塑造人类微生物组的作用。
