Zhu ShuLin, Yang WeiYe, Ma AnNa, Wang LiNa, Zhao Tong, Gao XiaoLei
School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601, JinSui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Quzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Quzhou, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 13;15(1):25324. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10890-6.
Social participation is recognized as a critical factor in reducing mortality and promoting healthy aging in middle-aged and older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the determinants influencing social participation within this demographic remain poorly understood. The present study sought to assess the social participation status of middle-aged and older individuals with CVD and identify the factors influencing their participation levels. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2018 data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to explore differences and correlations among variables. Latent class analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3 software, while logistic regression analysis was utilized to examine patterns of social participation and their associated factors. A total of 2388 participants were included in the analysis. Latent profile analysis identified four distinct social participation patterns: "individual participation," "group participation," "full participation," and "low participation." Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found across these patterns with regard to educational attainment, geographic location, living conditions, health insurance coverage, and alcohol consumption. Social participation was associated with health status, ADL, IADL, loneliness, and depression. High level of social participation as a component of healthy lifestyle has been identified to be effective in reducing CVD mortality. Therefore, targeted interventions to enhance social participation may improve cardiovascular health outcomes in middle-aged and older adults.
社会参与被认为是降低心血管疾病（CVD）中老年患者死亡率和促进健康老龄化的关键因素。然而，影响这一人群社会参与的决定因素仍知之甚少。本研究旨在评估患有CVD的中老年人的社会参与状况，并确定影响其参与水平的因素。使用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据库2018年的数据进行横断面分析。采用描述性统计和方差分析（ANOVA）来探讨变量之间的差异和相关性。使用Mplus 8.3软件进行潜在类别分析，同时利用逻辑回归分析来检验社会参与模式及其相关因素。共有2388名参与者纳入分析。潜在剖面分析确定了四种不同的社会参与模式模式：“个人参与”、“群体参与”、“充分参与”和“低参与”。在教育程度、地理位置、生活条件、医疗保险覆盖范围和饮酒方面，这些模式之间存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。社会参与与健康状况、日常生活活动能力（ADL）、工具性日常生活活动能力（IADL）、孤独感和抑郁有关。高水平的社会参与作为健康生活方式的一个组成部分，已被证明能有效降低CVD死亡率。因此，有针对性地干预以提高社会参与度，可能会改善中老年人心血管健康结局。
