Fu Earl, Tsai Yueh-Ju, Chung Chi-Hsiang, Fu Min-Wen, Hsia Yi-Jan, Chien Wu-Chien
Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Xindian, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Dent Sci. 2025 Jul;20(3):1689-1698. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.03.003. Epub 2025 Mar 26.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Periodontitis, a common inflammatory disease, has been linked to various systemic and ocular conditions. However, its connection to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), a vision-threatening condition, remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between periodontitis and RRD.
From 2000 to 2015, 1,936,512 participants were recruited from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, including 29,970 with chronic periodontitis, defined by at least three outpatient visits within a year. A matched 1:1 comparison group was selected based on sex, age, and index year. The periodontitis group was divided into two subgroups: those who received root planing and/or surgical therapy (subgroup 1) and those who did not (subgroup 2).
At the end of the follow-up, 2165 participants in the periodontitis group and 1259 in the comparison group developed RRD. The cumulative risk of RRD was increased in the periodontitis group, and the two subgroups, compared to the comparison group. After adjustment with the covariates of sociodemographic factors, systemic diseases, RRD comorbidities, and smoking/alcohol habits, the increased risk of developing RRD remained significant (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.83, < 0.001). Subgroups 1 and 2 also had increased risks, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.70 and 1.34, respectively. These results persisted even when excluding the first 1 or 5 years of data.
This nationwide retrospective study showed that patients with chronic periodontitis, regardless of whether they received periodontal treatment, had a higher risk of developing RRD, suggesting a potential association between periodontitis and RRD.
背景/目的：牙周炎是一种常见的炎症性疾病，已被发现与多种全身和眼部疾病有关。然而，它与孔源性视网膜脱离（RRD）这种威胁视力的疾病之间的联系仍不明确。本研究旨在探讨牙周炎与RRD之间的关联。
2000年至2015年期间，从台湾国民健康保险研究数据库中招募了1,936,512名参与者，其中包括29,970名患有慢性牙周炎的患者，慢性牙周炎定义为一年内至少有三次门诊就诊记录。根据性别、年龄和索引年份选择了1:1匹配的对照组。牙周炎组分为两个亚组：接受根面平整和/或手术治疗的患者（亚组1）和未接受治疗的患者（亚组2）。
随访结束时，牙周炎组有2165名参与者发生RRD，对照组有1259名。与对照组相比，牙周炎组及其两个亚组发生RRD的累积风险均增加。在对社会人口学因素、全身疾病、RRD合并症以及吸烟/饮酒习惯等协变量进行调整后，发生RRD的风险增加仍然显著（调整后的风险比：1.49，95%可信区间：1.12 - 1.83，P < 0.001）。亚组1和亚组2的风险也增加，调整后的风险比分别为1.70和1.34。即使排除前1年或5年的数据，这些结果仍然成立。
这项全国性的回顾性研究表明，慢性牙周炎患者无论是否接受牙周治疗，发生RRD的风险都更高，这表明牙周炎与RRD之间可能存在关联。
