Hintermann Mirjam, Romann Michael, Born Dennis-Peter, Taube Wolfgang, Fuchslocher Jörg
Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM, Magglingen, Switzerland.
Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jun 27;7:1602099. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1602099. eCollection 2025.
In football, visual exploration and scanning are crucial to make players aware of their teammates' and their opponents' positions, thus improving their decision-making. However, specific recommendations on systematic training methods to improve scanning behavior are limited. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of a five-week scanning-focused training intervention on scanning behavior in U19 female football players.
A total of 36 female football players (mean ± SD age: 16.7 ± 1.2 years) from two elite and two grassroots teams were assigned to a control and intervention group. The intervention group completed one to two scanning-focused training sessions per week, while the control group followed their regular training routine. Scanning behavior was assessed using video analysis of 4v4 small-sided games in pre-, post-, and retention tests. A scan was defined as an active head movement, during which the player's head was directed away from the ball.
The intervention group significantly increased mean number of scans per game situation from pre- to post-test ( = 0.002), with no significant improvements in the control group ( = 0.088). However, this improvement was only observed in elite ( = 0.001), but not in grassroots players. After scanning, elite players performed more successful actions than grassroots players ( = 0.011), with no significant effect throughout the intervention period ( = 0.074). The retention test three weeks later ( = 31) showed that the increased scanning behavior of the post-test was maintained.
In conclusion, a five-week scanning-focused training intervention improves scanning behavior in young female football players, particularly at elite level. These findings highlight the value of integrating perceptual-cognitive training into football coaching.
在足球运动中，视觉探索和扫视对于让球员了解队友和对手的位置至关重要，从而有助于提高他们的决策能力。然而，关于改善扫视行为的系统训练方法的具体建议却很有限。因此，本研究调查了为期五周的以扫视为重点的训练干预对19岁以下女子足球运动员扫视行为的影响。
来自两支精英球队和两支草根球队的36名女子足球运动员（平均年龄±标准差：16.7±1.2岁）被分为对照组和干预组。干预组每周完成一到两次以扫视为重点的训练课程，而对照组则按照常规训练安排进行训练。在预测试、后测试和保留测试中，通过对4对4小型比赛的视频分析来评估扫视行为。一次扫视被定义为一次主动的头部移动，在此期间球员的头部偏离球的方向。
干预组从测试前到测试后每场比赛情况下的平均扫视次数显著增加（=0.002），而对照组没有显著改善（=0.088）。然而，这种改善仅在精英球员中观察到（=0.001），草根球员中未观察到。在扫视之后，精英球员比草根球员执行了更多成功的动作（=0.011），在整个干预期间没有显著影响（=0.074）。三周后的保留测试（=31）表明，测试后的扫视行为增加得以保持。
总之，为期五周的以扫视为重点的训练干预可改善年轻女子足球运动员的扫视行为，尤其是在精英水平上。这些发现凸显了将感知认知训练融入足球教练工作的价值。
