Frota Lisboa Pereira de Souza Ana Maria, Pellegrini Luca, Fineberg Naomi Anne
School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK.
Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, AL8 6HG, UK.
Neurosci Appl. 2024 May 23;3:104073. doi: 10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104073. eCollection 2024.
The ability to flexibly adapt thoughts and behaviours represents a fundamental attribute for behavioural success. Impairments in aspects of cognitive flexibility are found as transdiagnostic latent phenotypes of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology and are present within a range of mental disorders and within the population at large. In this narrative review, we focus on the attentional set-shifting aspect of cognitive inflexibility, which has been largely investigated in the context of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders and is thought to underpin perseverative symptomatology. We appraise the published literature relating to the putative neurobiological mechanisms, methods of assessment, interventional approaches, and health and wellbeing impacts. We discuss critical knowledge gaps, promising new research avenues, and potential interventional approaches from a clinical and public health perspective. We conclude that cognitive inflexibility has relevance for clinicians in terms of understanding clinical outcomes and tailoring personalised forms of treatments, and for public health professionals in terms of understanding rigid attitudes and adjustment in the current post-pandemic environment.
灵活调整思维和行为的能力是行为成功的一项基本属性。认知灵活性方面的损害被发现是强迫症状的跨诊断潜在表型，存在于一系列精神障碍以及广大人群中。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们聚焦于认知不灵活性中的注意力转换方面，这在强迫谱系障碍的背景下已得到大量研究，并被认为是持续性症状的基础。我们评估了与假定的神经生物学机制、评估方法、干预方法以及对健康和幸福的影响相关的已发表文献。我们从临床和公共卫生的角度讨论了关键的知识空白、有前景的新研究途径以及潜在的干预方法。我们得出结论，认知不灵活性在理解临床结果和制定个性化治疗形式方面对临床医生具有相关性，在理解当前大流行后环境中的僵化态度和调整方面对公共卫生专业人员具有相关性。
