Pitarini Astuti, Kurniawan Andi, Mitchel Mitchel, Gani Karina S, Sudjaka Jeremy M, Kholinne Erica
Orthopedics and Traumatology, Gatam Institute, Eka Hospital, Tangerang, IDN.
Orthopedics and Traumatology, St. Carolus Bone and Joint Centre, Jakarta, IDN.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 11;17(6):e85817. doi: 10.7759/cureus.85817. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Background Foot morphology is influenced by factors such as physical activity, footwear habits, gender, and body mass index (BMI) and plays an important role in fields like orthopedics and sports science. However, data on the foot morphology of Indonesian recreational runners remain limited. This study aimed to describe the foot morphology of Indonesian recreational runners using a 3D foot scanner. Methods A cross-sectional study including 50 recreational runners was included. Data were collected using a self-developed questionnaire and foot scanning using a 3D foot scanner UPOD-S during static standing to assess a few parameters, including BMI, arch index (AI), heel angle, foot length, toe type, shoe size, shoe brand, vitamin D supplementation intake, history, and recent foot and leg pain, which were conducted via a physical examination by a foot and ankle surgeon. Result This study included 32 male and 18 female recreational runners aged 22-45 years with a mean BMI of 25.0±7.3 and 24.1±4.1, respectively. The average weekly running distance was 13.8 ± 13.1 km, with participants using various shoe brands. Shoe sizes varied from 36 to 44 (European sizing). Heel angles varied: three feet showed neutral, 20 mild, and one severe angle. All participants exhibited a normal or low AI. Toe types included Roman, Egyptian, and Greek types. The mean foot lengths in males were 256.2 ± 11.9 mm (right) and 256.1 ± 12.0 mm (left), and in females, 229.3 ± 8.6 mm (right) and 229.7 ± 8.7 mm (left). The AI values of most recreational runners were classified as low arch. Conclusion Male Indonesian recreational runners generally have longer feet than their female counterparts, although the AI values are similar between the sexes, regardless of foot pain. These mild biomechanical variations may have implications for monitoring and preventing musculoskeletal health issues.
背景 足部形态受身体活动、鞋类习惯、性别和体重指数（BMI）等因素影响，在骨科和运动科学等领域发挥着重要作用。然而，关于印度尼西亚休闲跑步者足部形态的数据仍然有限。本研究旨在使用3D足部扫描仪描述印度尼西亚休闲跑步者的足部形态。方法 纳入一项横断面研究，包括50名休闲跑步者。使用自行编制的问卷收集数据，并在静态站立时使用3D足部扫描仪UPOD-S进行足部扫描，以评估一些参数，包括BMI、足弓指数（AI）、足跟角度、足长、趾型、鞋码、鞋品牌、维生素D补充剂摄入量、病史以及近期足部和腿部疼痛情况，这些均由足踝外科医生通过体格检查进行。结果 本研究纳入了32名男性和18名女性休闲跑步者，年龄在22 - 45岁之间，平均BMI分别为25.0±7.3和24.1±4.1。平均每周跑步距离为13.8±13.1公里，参与者使用各种鞋品牌。鞋码从36到44（欧洲尺码）不等。足跟角度各不相同：三只脚显示为中立位，20只为轻度，1只为重度。所有参与者的AI均为正常或偏低。趾型包括罗马型、埃及型和希腊型。男性的平均足长右足为256.2±11.9毫米，左足为256.1±12.0毫米；女性的平均足长右足为229.3±8.6毫米，左足为229.7±8.7毫米。大多数休闲跑步者的AI值被归类为低足弓。结论 印度尼西亚男性休闲跑步者的脚通常比女性长，尽管两性之间的AI值相似，且与足部疼痛无关。这些轻微的生物力学差异可能对监测和预防肌肉骨骼健康问题具有重要意义。
