Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Zoster Vaccination in Riyadh First Health Care Cluster in Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND

Varicella zoster vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing varicella and reducing the incidence of shingles. However, varicella zoster vaccination rates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, remain underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by examining the factors that influence vaccine acceptance and adherence within the Riyadh First Health Care Cluster.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to varicella zoster vaccination among the diverse population served by the Riyadh First Health Care Cluster.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted within the Riyadh First Health Care Cluster to assess KAP related to varicella zoster vaccination. A stratified sampling method was employed to recruit a diverse group of participants from multiple healthcare facilities. The sample size was calculated to be 264 based on a 95% confidence level, 5% margin of error, and an estimated prevalence of 22%. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire covering demographics and KAP. A scoring system was applied to quantify responses. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, were used to analyze the data. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured from all participants.

RESULTS

The study included 271 participants. Only 15.5% of respondents exhibited a high level of knowledge of the vaccine, while 44.3% demonstrated low knowledge, indicating a significant gap in public awareness. Despite a generally positive attitude toward vaccination, 47.6% of participants showed high acceptance, while only 18.8% reported good vaccination practices, highlighting a significant public health challenge. Notably, knowledge and attitudes were significantly related to age, gender, occupation, and income, suggesting that younger males and healthcare professionals had better awareness and acceptance.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study underscore the urgent need for comprehensive public health strategies to enhance knowledge, address misconceptions, and improve vaccination uptake in Riyadh. The observed gaps in knowledge and practices, despite generally positive attitudes, highlight the importance of targeted educational initiatives that engage healthcare providers and the community.